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Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial movement in rats by velocity vector imaging.

ABSTRACT: AIM:To use velocity vector imaging (VVI) technology to evaluate the correlation between the apical four-chamber view and short-axis myocardial movement in rats. METHODS:We used 25 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats to measure the myocardium peak systolic velocity (Vs; cm/s), peak diastolic velocity (Vd; cm/s), peak systolic strain (SR; %), peak systolic strain rate (SRs; 1/s), and peak diastolic strain rate (SRd; 1/s) from the apical four-chamber view of the left ventricle (LV) and the parasternal mitral valve (PMV)-level short-axis view, and to analyze the correlation between myocardial motion in corresponding views of the two sections. RESULTS:Comparing the myocardial motion between the lateral wall's basal segment in the apical four-chamber view of the LV and the lateral wall of the PMV-level short-axis view revealed that the Vd was positively correlated (r = 0.59, p<0.01), as was SRs (r = 0.68, p<0.05). Comparing the myocardial motion between the lateral wall's middle segment in the apical four-chamber view of the LV and the lateral wall of the PMV-level short-axis view demonstrated that Vd, SRs, and SRd were positively correlated (r = 0.63, 0.82, 0.79, respectively, all p<0.01). Our comparison of myocardial motion between the posterior septum's basal segment in the apical four-chamber view of the LV and the posterior septum of PMV-level short-axis view showed that Vd and SRs were positively correlated (r = 0.57, 0.68, respectively, both p<0.01). Comparing the myocardial motion between the posterior septum's middle segment in the apical four-chamber view of the LV and the posterior septum of the PMV-level short-axis view revealed that Vs, Vd, SR, and SRd were positively correlated (r = 0.89, 0.63, 0.64, 0.6, respectively, all p<0.01), and the SRs also had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.53, p<0.05). CONCLUSION:VVI technology could be a valuable tool for evaluating the myocardial walls motion of the apical four-chamber view of the rat LV.

SUBMITTER: Jin Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7531783 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial movement in rats by velocity vector imaging.

Jin Yuetong Y Gao Yihua Y Hou Rui R Cong Shanshan S

PloS one 20201002 10

<h4>Aim</h4>To use velocity vector imaging (VVI) technology to evaluate the correlation between the apical four-chamber view and short-axis myocardial movement in rats.<h4>Methods</h4>We used 25 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats to measure the myocardium peak systolic velocity (Vs; cm/s), peak diastolic velocity (Vd; cm/s), peak systolic strain (SR; %), peak systolic strain rate (SRs; 1/s), and peak diastolic strain rate (SRd; 1/s) from the apical four-chamber view of the left ventricle (LV) ...[more]

PMID: 33006976

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Project description:Obesity increases the risk for cardiomyopathy in the absence of comorbidities. Myocardial structure is modified by dietary fatty acids. Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with Western (WES) diet consumption, whereas intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with antihypertrophic effects. We previously observed no attenuation of left ventricular thickening after 3 months of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation of a WES diet, compared with WES diet intake alone, in rats that had similar weight, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity to control animals. The objective of this study was to define left ventricular gene expression in these animals to determine whether diet alone was associated with a physiologic or pathologic hypertrophic response. We hypothesized that WES diet consumption would favor a pathologic or maladaptive myocardial gene expression pattern and that DHA supplementation would favor a physiologic or adaptive response. Microarray analysis identified 64 transcripts that were differentially expressed (P ? .001) within one or more treatment comparisons. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, 29 genes with fold change at least 1.74 were successfully validated; all but 3 had similar directionality to that observed using microarray, and 2 genes, connective tissue growth factor and cathepsin M, were differentially expressed according to diet. WES blot analysis was performed on 4 proteins relevant to myocardial hypertrophy and metabolism. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1, B-cell translocation gene 2, and carbonic anhydrase III showed directional change consistent with gene expression. Retinol saturase (all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase), although not consistent with gene expression, was different according to diet, with increased concentrations in WES-fed rats compared with control and DHA-supplemented animals. Diet did not distinguish a transcriptome reflecting physiologic or pathologic myocardial hypertrophy; furthermore, the modest changes observed suggest that obesity and associated comorbidities may play a larger role than mere dietary fatty acid composition in development of cardiomyopathy.

Project description:After myocardial infarction (MI), adult mammals exhibit scar formation, adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling, LV stiffening, and impaired contractility, ultimately resulting in heart failure. Neonatal mammals, however, are capable of natural heart regeneration after MI. We hypothesized that neonatal cardiac regeneration conserves native biaxial LV mechanics after MI. Wistar rat neonates (1 day old, n = 46) and adults (8-10 weeks old, n = 20) underwent sham surgery or permanent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. At 6 weeks after neonatal MI, Masson's trichrome staining revealed negligible fibrosis. Echocardiography for the neonatal MI (n = 15) and sham rats (n = 14) revealed no differences in LV wall thickness or chamber diameter, and both groups had normal ejection fraction (72.7% vs 77.5%, respectively, p = 0.1946). Biaxial tensile testing revealed similar stress-strain curves along both the circumferential and longitudinal axes across a full range of physiologic stresses and strains. The circumferential modulus (267.9 kPa vs 274.2 kPa, p = 0.7847), longitudinal modulus (269.3 kPa vs 277.1 kPa, p = 0.7435), and maximum shear stress (3.30 kPa vs 3.95 kPa, p = 0.5418) did not differ significantly between the neonatal MI and sham groups, respectively. In contrast, transmural scars were observed at 4 weeks after adult MI. Adult MI hearts (n = 7) exhibited profound LV wall thinning (p < 0.0001), chamber dilation (p = 0.0246), and LV dysfunction (ejection fraction 45.4% vs 79.7%, p < 0.0001) compared to adult sham hearts (n = 7). Adult MI hearts were significantly stiffer than adult sham hearts in both the circumferential (321.5 kPa vs 180.0 kPa, p = 0.0111) and longitudinal axes (315.4 kPa vs 172.3 kPa, p = 0.0173), and also exhibited greater maximum shear stress (14.87 kPa vs 3.23 kPa, p = 0.0162). Our study is the first to show that native biaxial LV mechanics are conserved after neonatal heart regeneration following MI, thus adding biomechanical support for the therapeutic potential of cardiac regeneration in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.

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Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial movement in rats by velocity vector imaging.

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Evaluation of left ventricular myocardial movement in rats by velocity vector imaging.

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