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Chikungunya Outbreak in the Republic of the Congo, 2019-Epidemiological, Virological and Entomological Findings of a South-North Multidisciplinary Taskforce Investigation.


ABSTRACT: The Republic of Congo (RoC) declared a chikungunya (CHIK) outbreak on 9 February 2019. We conducted a ONE-Human-Animal HEALTH epidemiological, virological and entomological investigation. Methods: We collected national surveillance and epidemiological data. CHIK diagnosis was based on RT-PCR and CHIKV-specific antibodies. Full CHIKV genome sequences were obtained by Sanger and MinION approaches and Bayesian tree phylogenetic analysis was performed. Mosquito larvae and 215 adult mosquitoes were collected in different villages of Kouilou and Pointe-Noire districts and estimates of Aedes (Ae.) mosquitos' CHIKV-infectious bites obtained. We found two new CHIKV sequences of the East/Central/South African (ECSA) lineage, clustering with the recent enzootic sub-clade 2, showing the A226V mutation. The RoC 2019 CHIKV strain has two novel mutations, E2-T126M and E2-H351N. Phylogenetic suggests a common origin from 2016 Angola strain, from which it diverged around 1989 (95% HPD 1985-1994). The infectious bite pattern was similar for 2017, 2018 and early 2019. One Ae. albopictus pool was RT-PCR positive. The 2019 RoC CHIKV strain seems to be recently introduced or be endemic in sylvatic cycle. Distinct from the contemporary Indian CHIKV isolates and in contrast to the original Central-African strains (transmitted by Ae. aegypti), it carries the A226V mutation, indicating an independent adaptive mutation in response to vector replacement (Ae. albopictus vs Ae. aegypti).

SUBMITTER: Vairo F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7551106 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chikungunya Outbreak in the Republic of the Congo, 2019-Epidemiological, Virological and Entomological Findings of a South-North Multidisciplinary Taskforce Investigation.

Vairo Francesco F   Aimè Coussoud-Mavoungou Martin Parfait MP   Ntoumi Francine F   Castilletti Concetta C   Kitembo Lambert L   Haider Najmul N   Carletti Fabrizio F   Colavita Francesca F   Gruber Cesare E M CEM   Iannetta Marco M   Messina Francesco F   Lanini Simone S   Ulrich Judicaël Biez B   Giombini Emanuela E   Montaldo Chiara C   Portella Chantal C   Diafouka-Diatela Steve S   Rueca Martina M   Kock Richard R   Bartolini Barbara B   Mboera Leonard L   Munster Vincent V   Fischer Robert R   Seifert Stephanie S   Muñoz-Fontela César C   Escudero-Pérez Beatriz B   Gomez-Medina Sergio S   Nelson Emily V EV   Kjia Tungu Patrick P   Nicastri Emanuele E   Puro Vincenzo V   Di Caro Antonino A   Capobianchi Maria Rosaria MR   Mikolo Jacqueline Lydia JL   Zumla Alimuddin A   Ippolito Giuseppe G   On Behalf Of The Pandora-Id-Net Consortium Chikungunya Outbreak Group Taskforce  

Viruses 20200913 9


The Republic of Congo (RoC) declared a chikungunya (CHIK) outbreak on 9 February 2019. We conducted a ONE-Human-Animal HEALTH epidemiological, virological and entomological investigation. Methods: We collected national surveillance and epidemiological data. CHIK diagnosis was based on RT-PCR and CHIKV-specific antibodies. Full CHIKV genome sequences were obtained by Sanger and MinION approaches and Bayesian tree phylogenetic analysis was performed. Mosquito larvae and 215 adult mosquitoes were c  ...[more]

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