Dataset Information

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Knowledge About One's Dementia Status.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To examine racial and ethnic differences in knowledge about one's dementia status. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:The 2000 to 2014 Health and Retirement Study. PARTICIPANTS:Our sample included 8,686 person-wave observations representing 4,065 unique survey participants, aged 70?years or older, with dementia, as identified by a well-validated statistical prediction model based on individual demographic and clinical characteristics. MEASUREMENTS:Primary outcome measure was knowledge of one's dementia status, as reported in the survey. Patient characteristics included race/ethnicity, age, sex, survey year, cognition, function, comorbidity, and whether living in a nursing home. RESULTS:Among subjects identified as having dementia by the prediction model, 43.5% to 50.2%, depending on the survey year, reported that they were informed of the dementia status by their physician. This proportion was lower among Hispanics (25.9%-42.2%) and non-Hispanic blacks (31.4%-50.5%) than among non-Hispanic whites (47.7%-52.9%). Our fully adjusted regression model indicated lower dementia awareness among non-Hispanic blacks (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58-0.94) and Hispanics (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.43-0.85), compared to non-Hispanic whites. Having more instrumental activity of daily living limitations (OR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.56-1.75) and living in a nursing home (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 2.32-3.32) were associated with increased odds of subjects reporting being told about dementia by a physician. CONCLUSION:Less than half of individuals with dementia reported being told by a physician about the condition. A higher proportion of non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics with dementia may be unaware of their condition, despite higher dementia prevalence in these groups, compared to non-Hispanic whites. Dementia outreach programs should target diverse communities with disproportionately high disease prevalence and low awareness. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1763-1770, 2020.

SUBMITTER: Lin PJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7552114 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Knowledge About One's Dementia Status.

Lin Pei-Jung PJ Emerson Joanna J Faul Jessica D JD Cohen Joshua T JT Neumann Peter J PJ Fillit Howard M HM Daly Allan T AT Margaretos Nikoletta N Freund Karen M KM

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 20200413 8

<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine racial and ethnic differences in knowledge about one's dementia status.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective cohort study.<h4>Setting</h4>The 2000 to 2014 Health and Retirement Study.<h4>Participants</h4>Our sample included 8,686 person-wave observations representing 4,065 unique survey participants, aged 70 years or older, with dementia, as identified by a well-validated statistical prediction model based on individual demographic and clinical characteristics.<h4>Measurements ...[more]

PMID: 32282058

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundCertain racial/ethnic minority groups have a higher risk of developing dementia, yet studies have demonstrated that they often have limited knowledge and understanding of this disease. An increasing number of educational and advocacy programs have been developed to promote dementia knowledge. We aimed at assessing current evidence and quality regarding educational interventions for promoting dementia knowledge.MethodsWe searched for intervention studies published in English that focused on educational interventions for promoting dementia knowledge among racial/ethnic minority groups. We identified 25 relevant studies through PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus, using tailored search terms. We screened titles and abstracts, reviewed full texts, synthesized relevant evidence, and evaluated the studies' quality based on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Relevant intervention studies took place in communities, hospitals or clinics, and schools, and online.ResultsMost studies were conducted in the United States (n = 21), followed by the UK (n = 3). Over half of the studies included Asian/Pacific Islander groups (n = 14), followed by Black groups (n = 12) and Hispanic groups (n = 11). The intervention delivery mode varied across studies-from workshops hosted in a faith community to talk shows on YouTube. Target populations included middle-aged and older adults, caregivers and family members, health students and professionals, and elementary school students. Common content included symptoms and signs of dementia, protective and risk factors, and local resources. The assessment of study outcomes varied across studies. Improvement in dementia knowledge and attitudes towards dementia was reported in many studies. Among the included studies, intervention satisfaction was high. The overall quality of the interventions was low.ConclusionFormally evaluated educational interventions promoting dementia knowledge are at an early stage. Existing published interventions showed adequate acceptability and promise in promoting better understanding and awareness of dementia in minority groups. More well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed.

Project description:Background/objectivesGiven the lack of effective pharmacologic strategies to prevent, slow, or reverse dementia progression, maximizing quality of life (QOL) is a major priority for persons living with dementia. Despite well-documented racial/ethnic disparities in dementia incidence and prevalence, it is unknown whether there are racial/ethnic disparities in QOL among persons with dementia. The objective of this study was to determine if there are racial/ethnic differences in poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among persons with and without dementia in a nationally-representative cohort.DesignRepeated measures cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study.SettingUnited States nationally-representative National Health and Aging Trends Study (2011-2018).ParticipantsNon-nursing home-dwelling Black, Latino, and white adults age 65+ (n = 10,886).MeasurementsWe estimated racial/ethnic differences in five dichotomous indicators of poor HRQOL (depressive and anxiety symptoms, self-rated health, pain, and physical functional limitations), stratified by dementia status (probable, possible, none). We used generalized estimating equations to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and differences, and marginal standardization to estimate prevalence.ResultsGenerally, Blacks and Latinos reported higher prevalence of poor HRQOL compared with whites. The largest differences were observed for self-rated health, and Latino-white differences were slightly larger compared to Black-white differences. PRs were larger among those with no dementia. For example, the Black versus white PRs for poor self-rated health were 1.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.82-2.04) among the no dementia group and 1.21 (95% CI = 1.12-1.31) among the probable dementia group; Latino versus white PRs for these comparisons were 2.39 (2.21-2.59) and 1.48 (1.35-1.62), respectively. Prevalence differences also showed racial/ethnic differences, but these were similar across dementia statuses.ConclusionsWe observed racial/ethnic disparities in poor HRQOL, showing greater unmet clinical needs among Black and Latino versus white older adults. Relative disparities were smaller in those with dementia, but absolute magnitudes of disparities were similar by dementia status.

Project description:ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the impact of depressive multimorbidity (ie, including depressive symptoms) on the long-term development of activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitations according to racial/ethnic group in a representative sample of US older adults.DesignProspective, observational, population-based 16-year follow-up study of nationally representative sample.Setting and participantsSample of older non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and nonHispanic White Americans from the Health and Retirement Study (2000‒2016, N = 16,364, community-dwelling adults ≥65 years of age).MethodsData from 9 biennial assessments were used to evaluate the accumulation of ADL-IADL limitations (range 0‒11) among participants with depressive (8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression score≥4) vs somatic (ie, physical conditions only) multimorbidity vs those without multimorbidity (no or 1 condition). Generalized estimating equations included race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White), baseline age, sex, body mass index, education, partnered, and net worth.ResultsDepressive and somatic multimorbidity were associated with 5.18 and 2.95 times greater accumulation of functional limitations, respectively, relative to no disease [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 5.18, 95% confidence interval, CI (4.38,6.13), IRR = 2.95, 95% CI (2.51,3.48)]. Hispanic and Black respondents experienced greater accumulation of ADL-IADL limitations than White respondents [IRR = 1.27, 95% CI (1.14, 1.41), IRR = 1.31, 95% CI (1.20, 1.43), respectively].Conclusions and implicationsCombinations of somatic diseases and high depressive symptoms are associated with greatest accumulation of functional limitations over time in adults ages 65 and older. There is a more rapid growth in functional limitations among individuals from racial/ethnic minority groups. Given the high prevalence of multimorbidity and depressive symptomatology among older adults and the availability of treatment options for depression, these results highlight the importance of screening/treatment for depression, particularly among older adults with socioeconomic vulnerabilities, to slow the progression of functional decline in later life.

Dataset Information

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Knowledge About One's Dementia Status.

Publications

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Knowledge About One's Dementia Status.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets