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Dietary inflammatory potential in relation to the gut microbiome: results from a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT: Diet has direct and indirect effects on health through inflammation and the gut microbiome. We investigated total dietary inflammatory potential via the literature-derived index (Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®)) with gut microbiota diversity, composition and function. In cancer-free patient volunteers initially approached at colonoscopy and healthy volunteers recruited from the medical centre community, we assessed 16S ribosomal DNA in all subjects who provided dietary assessments and stool samples (n 101) and the gut metagenome in a subset of patients with residual fasting blood samples (n 34). Associations of energy-adjusted DII scores with microbial diversity and composition were examined using linear regression, permutational multivariate ANOVA and linear discriminant analysis. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate associations of species and pathways with DII and circulating inflammatory markers. Across DII levels, ?- and ?-diversity did not significantly differ; however, Ruminococcus torques, Eubacterium nodatum, Acidaminococcus intestini and Clostridium leptum were more abundant in the most pro-inflammatory diet group, while Akkermansia muciniphila was enriched in the most anti-inflammatory diet group. With adjustment for age and BMI, R. torques, E. nodatum and A. intestini remained significantly associated with a more pro-inflammatory diet. In the metagenomic and fasting blood subset, A. intestini was correlated with circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a pro-inflammatory marker (rho = 0·40), but no associations remained significant upon correction for multiple testing. An index reflecting overall inflammatory potential of the diet was associated with specific microbes, but not overall diversity of the gut microbiome in our study. Findings from this preliminary study warrant further research in larger samples and prospective cohorts.

SUBMITTER: Zheng J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7554089 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary inflammatory potential in relation to the gut microbiome: results from a cross-sectional study.

Zheng Jiali J Hoffman Kristi L KL Chen Jiun-Sheng JS Shivappa Nitin N Sood Akhil A Browman Gladys J GJ Dirba Danika D DD Hanash Samir S Wei Peng P Hebert James R JR Petrosino Joseph F JF Schembre Susan M SM Daniel Carrie R CR

The British journal of nutrition 20200601 9

Diet has direct and indirect effects on health through inflammation and the gut microbiome. We investigated total dietary inflammatory potential via the literature-derived index (Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®)) with gut microbiota diversity, composition and function. In cancer-free patient volunteers initially approached at colonoscopy and healthy volunteers recruited from the medical centre community, we assessed 16S ribosomal DNA in all subjects who provided dietary assessments and stool sa ...[more]

PMID: 32475373

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough the dietary inflammatory index (DII) has been evaluated in relation to psychological disorders risk, the association between DII and psychosomatic complaints is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between DII, as a proxy measure of the inflammatory potential of the diet, and psychosomatic complaints.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 2818 people from the general population, aged 19 to 69 years, of Isfahan province in Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated dish-based food-frequency questionnaire. Psychosomatic complaints were assessed using a self-administered validated Persian questionnaire. Twenty-seven nutrients or foods were included in the calculation of DII. Each of them received a score based on their inflammatory ability, thus, a higher DII score indicated a more pro-inflammatory diet. The risk of being in the top median of a psychosomatic complaints profile across the tertiles of DII was assessed using logistic regression.ResultsFour psychosomatic complaints profiles (psychological, gastrointestinal, neuro-skeletal and pharyngeal- respiratory) were identified. After controlling for potential confounders, individuals in the top tertile of DII had higher odds for experiencing high somatic complaints scores for the psychological (odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.89; P trend = 0.009), gastrointestinal (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.75; P = 0.058) or neuro-skeletal (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.22; P = 0.013) profile. The association for pharyngeal-respiratory complaints did not remain significant after adjustment for stressful life events, medical condition, and anti-psychotropic medicine use.ConclusionThe significant positive link between DII and the various psychosomatic complaints profiles suggests that a diet with anti-inflammatory potential might be favourably related to psychosomatic complaints. Further studies, particularly clinical trials and longitudinal studies, are warranted to investigate the inflammatory potential of diet in relation to psychosomatic complaints.

Project description:The association between gut microbiome and chronic metabolic disease including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is well documented, however, the relationship between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites remains unknown. In this study, untargeted metabolomics together with a 16S rRNA gene sequencing tool was used to detect small molecule serum metabolites and the gut microbiome. We identified 15 differential metabolites between PCOS patients and the healthy control. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (18:2, 20:3, 18:1, P-16:0, 17:0, 15:0, 18:3, 20:4), phosphatidylcholine(PC), ganglioside GA2 (d18:1/16:0) and 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine were increased in the PCOS group, and the concentrations of phosphoniodidous acid, bilirubin, nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide and citric acid were decreased in the PCOS group, suggesting a lipid metabolism and energy metabolism disorder in the PCOS patients. The diversity of gut microbiota in PCOS group was lower than that in healthy controls. Escherichia/Shigella, Alistipes and an unnamed strain 0319_6G20 belonging to Proteobacteria were important distinguishing genera (LDA > 3.5) in PCOS. Prevotella_9 was positively correlated with phosphoniodidous acid, nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide and citric acid concentrations, and negatively correlated with the concentration of LPC (20:3) and 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine; Roseburia was negatively correlated with LPC concentration (20:4), while the characteristic genus 0319_6G20 of PCOS was positively correlated with LPC concentration (20:3) (COR > 0.45). SF-36 in the PCOS group was significantly lower than that in the healthy control (HC) group, which was associated with the presence of Escherichia-Shigella and Alistipes. Our finding demonstrated the correlation between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in PCOS, and therefore characteristic gut microbiota and metabolites may play an important role in the insulin resistance and the mood changes of PCOS patients.

Dataset Information

Dietary inflammatory potential in relation to the gut microbiome: results from a cross-sectional study.

Publications

Dietary inflammatory potential in relation to the gut microbiome: results from a cross-sectional study.

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