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Application of human amniotic epithelial cells in regenerative medicine: a systematic review.

ABSTRACT: Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) derived from placental tissues have gained considerable attention in the field of regenerative medicine. hAECs possess embryonic stem cell-like proliferation and differentiation capabilities, and adult stem cell-like immunomodulatory properties. Compared with other types of stem cell, hAECs have special advantages, including easy isolation, plentiful numbers, the obviation of ethical debates, and non-immunogenic and non-tumorigenic properties. During the past two decades, the therapeutic potential of hAECs for treatment of various diseases has been extensively investigated. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that hAEC transplantation helps to repair and rebuild the function of damaged tissues and organs by different molecular mechanisms. This systematic review focused on summarizing the biological characteristics of hAECs, therapeutic applications, and recent advances in treating various tissue injuries and disorders. Relevant studies published in English from 2000 to 2020 describing the role of hAECs in diseases and phenotypes were comprehensively sought out using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. According to the research content, we described the major hAEC characteristics, including induced differentiation plasticity, homing and differentiation, paracrine function, and immunomodulatory properties. We also summarized the current status of clinical research and discussed the prospects of hAEC-based transplantation therapies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the therapeutic potential of hAECs, including their use for cell replacement therapy as well as secreted cytokine and exosome biotherapy. Moreover, we showed that the powerful immune-regulatory function of hAECs reveals even more possibilities for their application in the treatment of immune-related diseases. In the future, establishing the optimal culture procedure, achieving precise and accurate treatment, and enhancing the therapeutic potential by utilizing appropriate preconditioning and/or biomaterials would be new challenges for further investigation.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7559178 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Application of human amniotic epithelial cells in regenerative medicine: a systematic review.

Zhang Qiuwan Q Lai Dongmei D

Stem cell research & therapy 20201015 1

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) derived from placental tissues have gained considerable attention in the field of regenerative medicine. hAECs possess embryonic stem cell-like proliferation and differentiation capabilities, and adult stem cell-like immunomodulatory properties. Compared with other types of stem cell, hAECs have special advantages, including easy isolation, plentiful numbers, the obviation of ethical debates, and non-immunogenic and non-tumorigenic properties. During the p ...[more]

PMID: 33059766

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Decisional tools have demonstrated their importance in informing manufacturing and commercial decisions in the monoclonal antibody domain. Recent approved therapies in regenerative medicine have shown great clinical benefits to patients. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this review was to investigate what decisional tools are available and what issues and gaps have been raised for their use in regenerative medicine. METHODS:We systematically searched MEDLINE to identify articles on decision support tools relevant to tissue engineering, and cell and gene therapy, with the aim of identifying gaps for future decisional tool development. We included published studies in English including a description of decisional tools in regenerative medicines. We extracted data using a predesigned Excel table and assessed the data both quantitatively and qualitatively. RESULTS:We identified 9 articles addressing key decisions in manufacturing and product development challenges in cell therapies. The decision objectives, parameters, assumptions, and solution methods were analyzed in detail. We found that all decisional tools focused on cell therapies, and 6 of the 9 reviews focused on allogeneic cell therapy products. We identified no available tools on tissue-engineering and gene therapy products. These studies addressed key decisions in manufacturing and product development challenges in cell therapies, such as choice of technology, through modeling. CONCLUSIONS:Our review identified a limited number of decisional tools. While the monoclonal antibodies and biologics decisional tool domain has been well developed and has shown great importance in driving more cost-effective manufacturing processes and better investment decisions, there is a lot to be learned in the regenerative medicine domain. There is ample space for expansion, especially with regard to autologous cell therapies, tissue engineering, and gene therapies. To consider the problem more comprehensively, the full needle-to-needle process should be modeled and evaluated.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) urgently requires effective treatment. Bleomycin-induced lung injury models are characterized by initial inflammation and secondary fibrosis, consistent with the pathological features of IPF. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) exhibit good differentiation potential and paracrine activity and are thus ideal for cell-based clinical therapies. The therapeutic effects of hAECs on lung fibrosis are attributed to many factors. We performed a systematic review of preclinical studies investigating the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis with hAECs to provide suggestions for their clinical use. METHODS:PubMed and EMBASE were searched for original studies describing hAEC therapy in animal bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis models. After quality assessments, the number and species of experimental animals, bleomycin dose, hAEC source and dosage, time and route of administration of transplanted cells in animals, and time animals were euthanized in nine controlled preclinical studies were summarized. Ashcroft scores, lung collagen contents, inflammatory cells and cytokines were quantitatively and/or qualitatively analyzed in this review. Publication bias was also assessed. RESULTS:Each of the nine preclinical studies have unique characteristics regarding hAEC use. Ashcroft scores and lung collagen contents were decreased following hAEC transplantation in bleomycin-injured mice. Histopathology was also improved in most studies following treatment with hAECs. hAECs modulated macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, dendritic cells and the mRNA or protein levels of cytokines associated with inflammatory reactions (tumor necrosis factor-?, transforming growth factor-?, interferon-? and interleukin) in lung tissues of bleomycin-injured mice. CONCLUSIONS:hAECs alleviate and reverse the progression of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice and may represent a new clinical treatment for IPF. hAECs exert anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by modulating macrophage, neutrophil, T cell, dendritic cell and related cytokine levels in mice with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Cell generation and the route, source and timing of hAEC transplantation all determine the therapeutic effectiveness of hAECs.

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Application of human amniotic epithelial cells in regenerative medicine: a systematic review.

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Application of human amniotic epithelial cells in regenerative medicine: a systematic review.

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