Dataset Information

The power of knowledge about dementia in Latin America across health professionals working on aging.

ABSTRACT: Introduction:Expert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies' accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data-sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known. Methods:We investigated opinions among health professionals working on aging in LACs (N = 3365) with regression models including expertise-related information (public policies, BI), individual differences (work, age, academic degree), and location. Results:Experts specified low public policy knowledge (X2 = 41.27, P < .001), high levels of stigma (X2 = 2636.37, P < .001), almost absent BI knowledge (X2 = 56.58, P < .001), and needs for regional diagnostic manuals (X2 = 2893.63, df = 3, P < .001) and data-sharing platforms (X2 = 1267.5, df = 3, P < .001). Lack of dementia knowledge was modulated by different factors. An implemented BI-based treatment for a proposed prevention program improved perception across experts. Discussion:Our findings help to prioritize future potential actions of governmental agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to improve LACs' dementia knowledge.

SUBMITTER: Ibanez A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7560513 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The power of knowledge about dementia in Latin America across health professionals working on aging.

Ibanez Agustin A Flichtentrei Daniel D Hesse Eugenia E Dottori Martin M Tomio Ailin A Slachevsky Andrea A Serrano Cecilia M CM Gonzalez-Billaut Christian C Custodio Nilton N Miranda Claudia C Bustin Julian J Cetckovitch Marcelo M Torrente Fernando F Olavarria Loreto L Leon Tomas T Beber Barbara Costa BC Bruki Sonia S Suemoto Claudia K CK Nitrini Ricardo R Miller Bruce L BL Yokoyama Jennifer S JS

Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 20201014 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Expert knowledge is critical to fight dementia in inequitable regions like Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs). However, the opinions of aging experts on public policies' accessibility and transmission, stigma, diagnostic manuals, data-sharing platforms, and use of behavioral insights (BIs) are not well known.<h4>Methods</h4>We investigated opinions among health professionals working on aging in LACs (N = 3365) with regression models including expertise-related inf ...[more]

PMID: 33088898

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Project description:IntroductionLeveraging the nonmonolithic structure of Latin America, which represents a large variability in social determinants of health (SDoH) and high levels of genetic admixture, we aim to evaluate the relative contributions of SDoH and genetic ancestry in predicting dementia prevalence in Latin American populations.MethodsCommunity-dwelling participants aged 65 and older (N = 3808) from Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Peru completed the 10/66 protocol assessments. Dementia was diagnosed using the cross-culturally validated 10/66 algorithm. Multivariate linear regression models adjusted for SDoH were used in the main analysis. This study used cross-sectional data from the 1066 population-based study.ResultsIndividuals with higher proportions of Native American (>70%) and African American (>70%) ancestry were more likely to exhibit factors contributing to worse SDoH, such as lower educational levels (p < 0.001), lower socioeconomic status (p < 0.001), and higher frequency of vascular risk factors (p < 0.001). After adjusting for measures of SDoH, there was no association between ancestry proportion and dementia probability, and ancestry proportions no longer significantly accounted for the variance in cognitive performance (African predominant p = 0.31 [-0.19, 0.59] and Native predominant p = 0.74 [-0.24, 0.33]).DiscussionThe findings suggest that social and environmental factors play a more crucial role than genetic ancestry in predicting dementia prevalence in Latin American populations. This underscores the need for public health strategies and policies that address these social determinants to effectively reduce dementia risk in these communities.HighlightsCountries in Latin America express a large variability in social determinants of health and levels of admixture. After adjustment for downstream societal factors linked to SDoH, genetic ancestry shows no link to dementia. Population ancestry profiles alone do not influence cognitive performance. SDoH are key drivers of racial disparities in dementia and cognitive performance.

Project description:BackgroundBreastfeeding is emerging as an important reproductive rights issue in the care of trans and gender nonconforming people. This study sought to understand the tools available to professionals working in the field of trans health to help trans women induce lactation and explore the concept of unmet need.MethodsIn November 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional study which surveyed attendees at the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) symposium in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Eligible participants were 18 + years old, had professional experience with transgender populations, were able to complete a survey in English, and were conference attendees. Descriptive data were collected using a 14-item written survey encompassing demographic characteristics, experience in transgender health, and lactation induction in trans women.ResultsWe surveyed 82 respondents (response rate 10.5%), the majority of whom were healthcare professionals (84%). Average age of respondents was 42.3 years old. They represented 11 countries and averaged 8.8 years of work at 21.3 h/week with trans populations. Healthcare professionals in this sample primarily specialized in general/internal medicine, psychology, endocrinology, and obstetrics/gynecology. One-third of respondents (34%) stated that they have met trans women who expressed interest in inducing lactation. Seventeen respondents (21%) knew of providers, clinics, or programs that facilitated the induction of lactation through medication or other means. Seven respondents (9%) have helped trans women induce lactation with an average of 1.9 trans women in the previous year. Two protocols for lactation induction were mentioned in free text responses and 91% believe there is a need for specialized protocols for trans women.ConclusionThis exploratory study demonstrates healthcare professionals' interest in breastfeeding protocols for lactation induction in trans women. Additional studies are needed to capture insights from breastfeeding specialists, e.g. lactation consultants and peripartum nurses, and to understand patients' perspectives on this service.

Dataset Information

The power of knowledge about dementia in Latin America across health professionals working on aging.

Publications

The power of knowledge about dementia in Latin America across health professionals working on aging.

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