Dataset Information

Conservation of the Ca²⁺-permeability through the voltage sensor domain of mammalian CatSper subunit.

ABSTRACT: Cation channel of Spermatozoa (CatSper) is one of the voltage-gated ion channels consisting of voltage sensor domains (VSDs) and pore-gate domains. CatSper is exclusively expressed in spermatozoa and indispensable for Ca²⁺ influx into cytosol. Recently, we have reported that the VSD of ascidian CatSper induces Ca²⁺-permeable pathways in heterologous expression systems. However, it is not known whether ion permeability through the VSD of CatSper is conserved in mammals. In the present study, electrophysiology and fluorometry in Xenopus oocytes revealed that Ca²⁺-permeable paths are also formed by expressing the VSD of murine CatSper. We also examined the permeability to monovalent cations other than Na⁺ in the VSD of ascidian CatSper.

SUBMITTER: Arima H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7560727 | biostudies-literature | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Conservation of the Ca2+-permeability through the voltage sensor domain of mammalian CatSper subunit.

Arima Hiroki H Tsutsui Hidekazu H Okamura Yasushi Y

Channels (Austin, Tex.) 20180101 1

Cation channel of Spermatozoa (CatSper) is one of the voltage-gated ion channels consisting of voltage sensor domains (VSDs) and pore-gate domains. CatSper is exclusively expressed in spermatozoa and indispensable for Ca2+ influx into cytosol. Recently, we have reported that the VSD of ascidian CatSper induces Ca2+-permeable pathways in heterologous expression systems. However, it is not known whether ion permeability through the VSD of CatSper is conserved in mammals. In t ...[more]

PMID: 30001172

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Project description:Rapid Na+/Ca2+-based action potentials govern essential cellular functions in eukaryotes, from the motile responses of unicellular protists, such as Paramecium [1, 2], to complex animal neuromuscular activity [3]. A key innovation underpinning this fundamental signaling process has been the evolution of four-domain voltage-gated Na+/Ca2+ channels (4D-Cavs/Navs). These channels are widely distributed across eukaryote diversity [4], albeit several eukaryotes, including land plants and fungi, have lost voltage-sensitive 4D-Cav/Navs [5-7]. Because these lineages appear to lack rapid Na+/Ca2+-based action potentials, 4D-Cav/Navs are generally considered necessary for fast Na+/Ca2+-based signaling [7]. However, the cellular mechanisms underpinning the membrane physiology of many eukaryotes remain unexamined. Eukaryotic phytoplankton critically influence our climate as major primary producers. Several taxa, including the globally abundant diatoms, exhibit membrane excitability [8-10]. We previously demonstrated that certain diatom genomes encode 4D-Cav/Navs [4] but also proteins of unknown function, resembling prokaryote single-domain, voltage-gated Na+ channels (BacNavs) [4]. Here, we show that single-domain channels are actually broadly distributed across major eukaryote phytoplankton lineages and represent three novel classes of single-domain channels, which we refer collectively to as EukCats. Functional characterization of diatom EukCatAs indicates that they are voltage-gated Na+- and Ca2+-permeable channels, with rapid kinetics resembling metazoan 4D-Cavs/Navs. In Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which lacks 4D-Cav/Navs, EukCatAs underpin voltage-activated Ca2+ signaling important for membrane excitability, and mutants exhibit impaired motility. EukCatAs therefore provide alternative mechanisms for rapid Na+/Ca2+ signaling in eukaryotes and may functionally replace 4D-Cavs/Navs in pennate diatoms. Marine phytoplankton thus possess unique signaling mechanisms that may be key to environmental sensing in the oceans.

Dataset Information

Conservation of the Ca²⁺-permeability through the voltage sensor domain of mammalian CatSper subunit.

Publications

Conservation of the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-permeability through the voltage sensor domain of mammalian CatSper subunit.

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