Development of a genetic framework to improve the efficiency of bioactive delivery from blueberry.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Mengist MF
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7560831 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Development of a genetic framework to improve the efficiency of bioactive delivery from blueberry.
Mengist Molla F MF Burtch Haley H Debelo Hawi H Pottorff Marti M Bostan Hamed H Nunn Candace C Corbin Sydney S Kay Colin D CD Bassil Nahla N Hummer Kim K Lila Mary Ann MA Ferruzzi Mario G MG Iorizzo Massimo M
Scientific reports 20201014 1
In the present study, we applied a novel high-throughput in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model to phenotype bioaccessibility of phenolics in a diverse germplasm collection representing cultivated highbush blueberries. Results revealed significant (P < 0.05) differences between accessions, years, and accession by year interaction for relative and absolute bioaccessibility of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Broad sense heritability estimates revealed low to moderate inheritances of relative and ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:Improved fruit quality and prolonged storage capability are key breeding traits for blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruit. Until now, breeding selection was mostly oriented on the amelioration of agronomic traits, such as flowering time, chilling requirement, or plant structure. Up until now, however, the storage effect on fruit quality has not been extensively studied, mostly because objective and handy phenotyping tools to evaluate quality traits were not available. In this study we are proposing a novel phenotyping protocol to support breeding selection and quality control within the entire blueberry production chain. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and texture traits, were measured by Proton Transfer Reaction- Time of Flight- Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and a texture analyzer respectively, taking into consideration the influence of prolonged storage. The exploitation of the genetic variability existing within the investigated blueberry germplasm collection (including both southern and northern highbush, hybrids, and rabbiteyes) allowed the identification of the best performing cultivars, based on texture and VOCs variability, to be used as superior parental lines for future breeding programs. The comprehensive characterization of blueberry aroma allowed the identification of a wide array of spectrometric features, mostly related to aldehydes, alcohols, terpenoids, and esters, that can be used as putative biomarkers to rapidly evaluate the blueberry aroma variations related to genetic differences and storability. In addition, this study revealed a lack of straightforward relationship between harvest and postharvest quality features, that might be genotype-dependent.
| S-EPMC7456834 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Malignant tumors are characterized by structural and molecular peculiarities providing a possibility to directionally deliver antitumor drugs with minimal impact on healthy tissues and reduced side effects. Newly formed blood vessels in malignant lesions exhibit chaotic growth, disordered structure, irregular shape and diameter, protrusions, and blind ends, resulting in immature vasculature; the newly formed lymphatic vessels also have aberrant structure. Structural features of the tumor vasculature determine relatively easy penetration of large molecules as well as nanometer-sized particles through a blood⁻tissue barrier and their accumulation in a tumor tissue. Also, malignant cells have altered molecular profile due to significant changes in tumor cell metabolism at every level from the genome to metabolome. Recently, the tumor interaction with cells of immune system becomes the focus of particular attention, that among others findings resulted in extensive study of cells with preferential tropism to tumor. In this review we summarize the information on the diversity of currently existing approaches to targeted drug delivery to tumor, including (i) passive targeting based on the specific features of tumor vasculature, (ii) active targeting which implies a specific binding of the antitumor agent with its molecular target, and (iii) cell-mediated tumor targeting.
| S-EPMC6356537 | biostudies-other
Project description:There is great clinical interest in cell-based therapies for ischemic tissue repair in cardiovascular disease. However, the regenerative potential of these therapies is limited due to poor cell viability and minimal retention following application. We report here the development of bioactive peptide amphiphile nanofibers displaying the fibronectin-derived RGDS cell adhesion epitope as a scaffold for therapeutic delivery of bone marrow derived stem and progenitor cells. When grown on flat substrates, a binary peptide amphiphile system consisting of 10 wt.% RGDS-containing molecules and 90wt.% negatively charged diluent molecules was found to promote optimal cell adhesion. This binary system enhanced adhesion 1.4-fold relative to substrates composed of only the non-bioactive diluent. Additionally, no enhancement was found upon scrambling the epitope and adhesion was no longer enhanced upon adding soluble RGDS to the cell media, indicating RGDS-specific adhesion. When encapsulated within self-assembled scaffolds of the binary RGDS nanofibers in vitro, cells were found to be viable and proliferative, increasing in number by 5.5 times after only 5 days, an effect again lost upon adding soluble RGDS. Cells encapsulated within a non-bioactive scaffold and those within a binary scaffold with scrambled epitope showed minimal viability and no proliferation. Cells encapsulated within this RGDS nanofiber gel also increase in endothelial character, evident by a decrease in the expression of CD34 paired with an increase in the expression of endothelial-specific markers VE-Cadherin, VEGFR2 and eNOS after 5 days. In an in vivo study, nanofibers and luciferase-expressing cells were co-injected subcutaneously in a mouse model. The binary RGDS material supported these cells in vivo, evident by a 3.2-fold increase in bioluminescent signal attributable to viable cells; this suggests the material has an anti-apoptotic and/or proliferative effect on the transplanted bone marrow cells. We conclude that the binary RGDS-presenting nanofibers developed here demonstrate enhanced viability, proliferation and adhesion of associated bone marrow derived stem and progenitor cells. This study suggests potential for this material as a scaffold to overcome current limitations of stem cell therapies for ischemic diseases.
| S-EPMC2787676 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Composite endpoints that combine multiple outcomes on different scales are common in clinical trials, particularly in chronic conditions. In many of these cases, patients will have to cross a predefined responder threshold in each of the outcomes to be classed as a responder overall. One instance of this occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus, where the responder endpoint combines two continuous, one ordinal and one binary measure. The overall binary responder endpoint is typically analysed using logistic regression, resulting in a substantial loss of information. We propose a latent variable model for the systemic lupus erythematosus endpoint, which assumes that the discrete outcomes are manifestations of latent continuous measures and can proceed to jointly model the components of the composite. We perform a simulation study and find that the method offers large efficiency gains over the standard analysis, the magnitude of which is highly dependent on the components driving response. Bias is introduced when joint normality assumptions are not satisfied, which we correct for using a bootstrap procedure. The method is applied to the Phase IIb MUSE trial in patients with moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus. We show that it estimates the treatment effect 2.5 times more precisely, offering a 60% reduction in required sample size.
| S-EPMC8172253 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The introduction of microtopographies within biomaterial devices is a promising approach that allows one to replicate to a degree the complex native environment in which human cells reside. Previously, our group showed that by combining electrospun fibers and additive manufacturing it is possible to replicate to an extent the stem cell microenvironment (rete ridges) located between the epidermal and dermal layers. Our group has also explored the use of novel proangiogenic compounds to improve the vascularization of skin constructs. Here, we combine our previous approaches to fabricate innovative polycaprolactone fibrous microtopographical scaffolds loaded with bioactive compounds (2-deoxy-D-ribose, 17β-estradiol, and aloe vera). Metabolic activity assay showed that microstructured scaffolds can be used to deliver bioactive agents and that the chemical relation between the working compound and the electrospinning solution is critical to replicate as much as possible the targeted morphologies. We also reported that human skin cell lines have a dose-dependent response to the bioactive compounds and that their inclusion has the potential to improve cell activity, induce blood vessel formation and alter the expression of relevant epithelial markers (collagen IV and integrin β1). In summary, we have developed fibrous matrixes containing synthetic rete-ridge-like structures that can deliver key bioactive compounds that can enhance skin regeneration and ultimately aid in the development of a complex wound healing device.
| S-EPMC8389211 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cancer cells can develop resistance to anticancer drugs, thereby becoming tolerant to treatment through different mechanisms. The biological mechanisms leading to the generation of anticancer treatment resistance include alterations in transmembrane proteins, DNA damage and repair mechanisms, alterations in target molecules, and genetic responses, among others. The most common anti-cancer drugs reported to develop resistance to cancer cells include cisplatin, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and fluorouracil. These anticancer drugs have different mechanisms of action, and specific cancer types can be affected by different genes. The development of drug resistance is a cellular response which uses differential gene expression, to enable adaptation and survival of the cell to diverse threatening environmental agents. In this review, we briefly look at the key regulatory genes, their expression, as well as the responses and regulation of cancer cells when exposed to anticancer drugs, along with the incorporation of alternative nanocarriers as treatments to overcome anticancer drug resistance.
| S-EPMC8208690 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Over 1%-15% of the population worldwide is affected by nephrolithiasis, which remains the most common and costly disease that urologists manage today. Identification of at-risk individuals remains a theoretical and technological challenge. The search for monogenic causes of stone disease has been largely unfruitful and a technological challenge; however, several candidate genes have been implicated in the development of nephrolithiasis. In this review, we will review current data on the genetic inheritance of stone disease, as well as investigate the evolving role of genetic analysis and counseling in the management of nephrolithiasis.
| S-EPMC5730897 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We found that Dnmt3l-KO donor cells display decreased levels of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 accumulation, higher level of active histone mark H3K27ac and increased cytoplasmic localization of HDAC1, implicating a permissive epigenetic state beneficial for nuclear reprogramming. To investigate the gene expression profiles of MEFs and to find out the potential genes responsible for the improvement of Dnmt3l-KO cloned embryos.
2015-08-01 | E-GEOD-69007 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Vitiligo is the most common depigmentation disorder of the skin. Currently, its therapy focuses on the halting of the immune response and stimulation of the regenerative processes, leading to the restoration of normal melanocyte function. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) represents a safe and cheap regenerative therapy option, as it delivers a wide spectrum of native growth factors, cytokines and other bioactive molecules. The aim of this study was to develop a simple delivery system to prolong the effects of the bioactive molecules released from platelets. The surface of electrospun and centrifugally spun poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) fibrous scaffolds was functionalized with various concentrations of platelets; the influence of the morphology of the scaffolds and the concentration of the released platelet-derived bioactive molecules on melanocytes, was then assessed. An almost two-fold increase in the amount of the released bioactive molecules was detected on the centrifugally spun vs. electrospun scaffolds, and a sustained 14-day release of the bioactive molecules was demonstrated. A strong concentration-dependent response of melanocyte to the bioactive molecules was observed; higher concentrations of bioactive molecules resulted in improved metabolic activity and proliferation of melanocytes. This simple system improves melanocyte viability, offers on-site preparation and is suitable for prolonged topical PRP administration.
| S-EPMC7559479 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite remarkable effectiveness of reperfusion and drug therapies to reduce morbidity and mortality following myocardial infarction (MI), many patients have debilitating symptoms and impaired left ventricular (LV) function highlighting the need for improved post-MI therapies. A promising concept currently under investigation is intramyocardial injection of high-water content, polymeric biomaterial gels (e.g., hydrogels) to modulate myocardial scar formation and LV adverse remodeling. We propose a degradable, bioactive hydrogel that forms a unique microstructure of continuous, parallel capillary-like channels (Capgel). We hypothesize that the innovative architecture and composition of Capgel can serve as a platform for endogenous cell recruitment and drug/cell delivery, therefore facilitating myocardial repair after MI.
| S-EPMC3725557 | biostudies-other