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Listeria monocytogenes cancer vaccines: bridging innate and adaptive immunity.

ABSTRACT: Purpose of the Review:Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising cancer treatment, however success in only select clinical indications underscores the need for novel approaches. Recently Listeria monocytogenes-based vaccines have been developed to drive tumor specific T-cell responses. Here, we discuss recent preclinical studies using L. monocytogenes vaccines, innate immune pathways that influence T-cell priming, and new vaccine strategies in clinical trials. Recent Findings:Recent studies indicate that in addition to inducing antigen specific T-cell responses, L. monocytogenes vaccines remodel the TME. In addition, several innate immune pathways influence adaptive immune responses to L. monocytogenes and modulating these pathways holds promise to enhance anti-tumor T-cell responses. Summary:The interplay between innate and adaptive immune responses to L. monocytogenes is poorly understood. Understanding these interactions will facilitate the design of better anti-cancer vaccines and improved use of combination therapies.

SUBMITTER: Morrow ZT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7560980 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> cancer vaccines: bridging innate and adaptive immunity.

Morrow Zachary T ZT Powers Zachary M ZM Sauer John-Demian JD

Current clinical microbiology reports 20191120 4

<h4>Purpose of the review</h4>Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising cancer treatment, however success in only select clinical indications underscores the need for novel approaches. Recently <i>Listeria monocytogenes-</i>based vaccines have been developed to drive tumor specific T-cell responses. Here, we discuss recent preclinical studies using <i>L. monocytogenes</i> vaccines, innate immune pathways that influence T-cell priming, and new vaccine strategies in clinical trials.<h4>Recent findi ...[more]

PMID: 33072493

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Project description:Inflammatory mechanisms have been increasingly implicated in the origin of seizures and epilepsy. These mechanisms are involved in the genesis of encephalitides in which seizures are a common complaint. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests different inflammatory responses in the brains of patients with epilepsy depending on the etiology. In general, activation of both innate and adaptive immunity plays a role in refractory forms of epilepsy. Epilepsies in which seizures develop after infiltration of cells of the adaptive immune system in the central nervous system (CNS) include a broad range of epileptic disorders with different (known or unknown) etiologies. Infiltration of lymphocytes is observed in autoimmune epilepsies, especially the classical paraneoplastic encephalitides with antibodies against intracellular tumor antigens. The presence of lymphocytes in the CNS also has been found in focal cerebral dysplasia type 2 and in cortical tubers. Various autoantibodies have been shown to be associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and hippocampal sclerosis of unknown etiology, which may be due to the presence of viral DNA. During the last decade, an increasing number of antineuronal autoantibodies directed against membranous epitopes have been discovered and are associated with various neurologic syndromes, including limbic encephalitis. A major challenge in epilepsy is to define biomarkers, which would allow the recognition of patient populations who might benefit from immune-modulatory therapies. Some peripheral inflammatory markers appear to be differentially expressed in patients with medically controlled and medically refractory and, as such, could be used for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic purposes. Establishing an autoimmune basis in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy allows for efficacious and targeted immunotherapy. Although current immunotherapies can give great benefit to the correctly identified patient, there are limitations to their efficacy and they may have considerable side effects. Thus the identification of new immunomodulatory compounds remains of utmost importance.

Dataset Information

Listeria monocytogenes cancer vaccines: bridging innate and adaptive immunity.

Publications

<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> cancer vaccines: bridging innate and adaptive immunity.

Similar Datasets

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