Dataset Information

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort.

ABSTRACT: Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65-79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopenia risk score (SRS), including skeletal muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and handgrip strength, was derived. The impact of the isocaloric replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) by either mono- (MUFAs) or poly-unsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids on SRS was determined using regression analysis based on the whole sample and stratified by adherence to a recommended protein intake (1.1 g/BW). Isocaloric reduction of SFAs for the benefit of PUFAs was associated with a lower SRS in the whole population, and in those with a protein intake below 1.1 g/BW, after accounting for age, smoking habits, metabolic disturbances, and adherence to PA guidelines. The present study highlighted the potential of promoting healthy diets with optimised fat subtype distribution in the prevention of sarcopenia in older adults.

SUBMITTER: Montiel-Rojas D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7600824 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort.

Montiel-Rojas Diego D Santoro Aurelia A Nilsson Andreas A Franceschi Claudio C Capri Miriam M Bazzocchi Alberto A Battista Giuseppe G de Groot Lisette C P G M LCPGM Feskens Edith J M EJM Berendsen Agnes A M AAM Bialecka-Debek Agata A Surala Olga O Pietruszka Barbara B Fairweather-Tait Susan S Jennings Amy A Capel Frederic F Kadi Fawzi F

Nutrients 20201009 10

Dietary fat subtypes may play an important role in the regulation of muscle mass and function during ageing. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of isocaloric macronutrient substitutions, including different fat subtypes, on sarcopenia risk in older men and women, while accounting for physical activity (PA) and metabolic risk. A total of 986 participants, aged 65-79 years, completed a 7-day food record and wore an accelerometer for a week. A continuous sex-specific sarcopeni ...[more]

PMID: 33050316

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Project description:Background:The substitution of omega (?)-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for saturated fatty acids (SFAs) is advocated in cardiovascular disease prevention. The impact of this substitution on lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance (IR) remains unknown. Objective:In men with dyslipidemia and IR, we evaluated the impact of substituting ?-6 PUFAs for SFAs on the in vivo kinetics of apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins and on the intestinal expression of key genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism. Design:Dyslipidemic and IR men (n = 36) were recruited for this double-blind, randomized, crossover, controlled trial. Subjects consumed, in a random order, a fully controlled diet rich in SFAs (SFAs: 13.4% of energy; ?-6 PUFAs: 4.0%) and a fully controlled diet rich in ?-6 PUFAs (SFAs: 6.0%; ?-6 PUFAs: 11.3%) for periods of 4 wk, separated by a 4-wk washout period. At the end of each diet, the in vivo kinetics of apoB-containing lipoproteins were measured and the intestinal expression of key genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism was quantified in duodenal biopsies taken from each participant. Results:The substitution of ?-6 PUFAs for SFAs had no impact on TRL apoB-48 fractional catabolic rate (? = -3.8%, P = 0.7) and production rate (? = +1.2%, P = 0.9), although it downregulated the intestinal expression of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (? = -18.4%, P = 0.006) and apoB (? = -16.6%, P = 0.005). The substitution of ?-6 PUFAs for SFAs decreased the LDL apoB-100 pool size (? = -7.8%; P = 0.005). This difference was attributed to a reduction in the LDL apoB-100 production rate after the substitution of ?-6 PUFAs for SFAs (? = -10.0%; P = 0.003). Conclusions:This study demonstrates that the substitution of dietary ?-6 PUFAs for SFAs decreases the production and number of LDL particles in men with dyslipidemia and IR. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01934543.

Dataset Information

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort.

Publications

Beneficial Role of Replacing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention of Sarcopenia: Findings from the NU-AGE Cohort.

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