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Multidimensional Evaluation for Detecting Salt Tolerance of Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Actual Saline Field Growing Conditions.

ABSTRACT: Field-based trials and genotype evaluation until yielding stage are two important steps in improving the salt tolerance of crop genotypes and identifying what parameters can be strong candidates for the better understanding of salt tolerance mechanisms in different genotypes. In this study, the salt tolerance of 18 bread wheat genotypes was evaluated under natural saline field conditions and at three saline irrigation levels (5.25, 8.35, and 11.12 dS m-1) extracted from wells. Multidimensional evaluation for salt tolerance of these genotypes was done using a set of agronomic and physio-biochemical attributes. Based on yield index under three salinity levels, the genotypes were classified into four groups ranging from salt-tolerant to salt-sensitive genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes exhibited values of total chlorophyll, gas exchange (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance), water relation (relative water content and membrane stability index), nonenzymatic osmolytes (soluble sugar, free proline, and ascorbic acid), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase), K+ content, and K+/Na+ ratio that were greater than those of salt-sensitive genotypes. Additionally, the salt-tolerant genotypes consistently exhibited good control of Na+ and Cl- levels and maintained lower contents of malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage under high salinity level, compared with the salt-sensitive genotypes. Several physio-biochemical parameters showed highly positive associations with grain yield and its components, whereas negative association was observed in other parameters. Accordingly, these physio-biochemical parameters can be used as individual or complementary screening criteria for evaluating salt tolerance and improvement of bread wheat genotypes under natural saline field conditions.

SUBMITTER: Mansour E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7601346 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multidimensional Evaluation for Detecting Salt Tolerance of Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Actual Saline Field Growing Conditions.

Mansour Elsayed E Moustafa Ehab S A ESA Desoky El-Sayed M EM Ali Mohamed M A MMA Yasin Mohamed A T MAT Attia Ahmed A Alsuhaibani Nasser N Tahir Muhammad Usman MU El-Hendawy Salah S

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20201006 10

Field-based trials and genotype evaluation until yielding stage are two important steps in improving the salt tolerance of crop genotypes and identifying what parameters can be strong candidates for the better understanding of salt tolerance mechanisms in different genotypes. In this study, the salt tolerance of 18 bread wheat genotypes was evaluated under natural saline field conditions and at three saline irrigation levels (5.25, 8.35, and 11.12 dS m<sup>-1</sup>) extracted from wells. Multidi ...[more]

PMID: 33036311

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Project description:IntroductionSalinity is the abiotic obstacle that diminishes food production globally. Salinization causes by natural conditions, such as climate change, or human activities, e.g., irrigation and derange misuse. To cope with the salinity problem, improve the crop environment or utilize crop/wheat breeding (by phenotyping), specifically in spread field conditions. For example, about 33 % of the cropping area in Egypt is affected by salinity.MethodsTherefore, this study evaluated forty bread wheat genotypes under contrasting salinity field conditions across seasons 2019/20 and 2020/21 at Sakha research station in the north of Egypt. To identify the tolerance genotypes, performing physiological parameters, e.g., Fv/Fm, CCI, Na+, and K+, spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), such as NDVI, MCARI, and SR, and estimated salinity tolerance indices based on grain yield in non-saline soil and saline soil sites over the tested years. These traits (parameters) and grain yield are simultaneously performed for generating GYT biplots.ResultsThe results presented significant differences (P≤0.01) among the environments, genotypes, and their interaction for grain yield (GY) evaluated in the four environments. And the first season for traits, grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), harvest index (HI), chlorophyll content index (CCI), chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in contrasting salinity environments. Additionally, significant differences were detected among environments, genotypes, and their interaction for grain yield along with spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), e.g., Blue/Green index (BIG2), curvature index (CI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Modified simple ratio (MSR). Relying on the genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) approach, genotypes 34 and 1 are the best for salinity sites. Genotypes 1 and 29 are the best from the genotype by stress tolerance indices (GSTI) biplot and genotype 34. Genotype 1 is the best from the genotype by yield*trait (GYT) method with spectral reflectance indices.DiscussionTherefore, we can identify genotype 1 as salinity tolerant based on the results of GSTI and GYT of SRIs and recommend involvement in the salinity breeding program in salt-affected soils. In conclusion, spectral reflectance indices were efficiently identifying genotypic variance.

Dataset Information

Multidimensional Evaluation for Detecting Salt Tolerance of Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Actual Saline Field Growing Conditions.

Publications

Multidimensional Evaluation for Detecting Salt Tolerance of Bread Wheat Genotypes Under Actual Saline Field Growing Conditions.

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