Dataset Information

Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Phenotypic and Proline Analyses.

ABSTRACT: Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and agronomic traits under drought-stress conditions in order to select promising wheat lines for breeding. Ninety-six diverse genotypes including 88 lines from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)'s heat and drought nurseries, and eight local checks were evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions during 2014/15 and 2015/16 making four testing environments. The following phenotypic traits were collected after stress imposed during the heading to anthesis period: the number of days to heading (DTH), days to maturity (DTM), productive tiller number (TN), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), spikelet per spike (SPS), kernels per spike (KPS), thousand kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield (GY) and proline content (PC). Analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, principal component and stress tolerance index were calculated. Genotypes with high yield performance under stressed and optimum conditions maintained high values for yield components. Proline content significantly increased under stress, but weakly correlated with agronomic traits under both optimal and water limited conditions. The positive correlation observed between grain yield and proline content under-drought stress conditions provides evidence that proline accumulation might ultimately be considered as a tool for effective selection of drought tolerant genotypes. The study selected 12 genotypes with high grain yields under drought stressed conditions and favorable adaptive traits useful for breeding.

SUBMITTER: Mwadzingeni L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4997044 | biostudies-literature | 2016

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Phenotypic and Proline Analyses.

Mwadzingeni Learnmore L Shimelis Hussein H Tesfay Samson S Tsilo Toi J TJ

Frontiers in plant science 20160825

Drought stress is one of the leading constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for drought tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to determine the level of drought tolerance among diverse bread wheat genotypes using agronomic traits and proline analyses and to establish correlation of proline content and agronomic traits under drought-stress conditions in order to select promising wheat lines for breeding. Nin ...[more]

PMID: 27610116

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Project description:Drought is one of the most important yield-limiting factors in Morocco. Identification and deployment of drought-tolerant wheat varieties are important to cope with the challenge of terminal moisture stress and increase wheat productivity. A panel composed of 200 elite spring bread wheat genotypes was phenotyped for yield and agronomic traits for 2 years (2020 and 2021) in Morocco under rainfed and irrigated environments. The panel was genotyped using 20K SNPs and, after filtration, a total of 15,735 SNP markers were used for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a mixed linear model (MLM) to identify marker-trait associations (MTA) and putative genes associated with grain yield and yield-related traits under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Significant differences were observed among the elite genotypes for grain yield and yield-related traits. Grain yield performance ranged from 0.97 to 6.16 t/ha under rainfed conditions at Sidi Al-Aidi station and from 3.31 to 9.38 t/h under irrigated conditions at Sidi Al-Aidi station, while Grain yield at Merchouch station ranged from 2.32 to 6.16 t/h under rainfed condition. A total of 159 MTAs (p < 0.001) and 46 genes were discovered, with 67 MTAs recorded under rainfed conditions and 37 MTAs recorded under irrigated conditions at the Sidi Al-Aidi station, while 55 MTAs were recorded under rainfed conditions at Merchouch station. The marker 'BobWhite_c2988_493' on chromosome 2B was significantly correlated with grain yield under rainfed conditions. Under irrigated conditions, the marker 'AX-94653560' on chromosome 2D was significantly correlated with grain yield at Sidi Al-Aidi station. The maker 'RAC875_c17918_321' located on chromosome 4A, associated with grain yield was linked with the gene TraesCS4A02G322700, which encodes for F-box domain-containing protein. The markers and candidate genes discovered in this study should be further validated for their potential use in marker-assisted selection to generate high-yielding wheat genotypes with drought tolerance.

Project description:Wheat is the most widely grown and consumed crop because of its economic and social benefits. This crop is more important globally for food and feed, and its productivity is particularly vulnerable to abiotic factors. In this study, 40 wheat genotypes were studied to access the drought tolerance level using completely randomized design (CRD) in 250 ml disposable cups through morpho-physiological attributes at seedling stage. The wheat germplasm was tested under normal and two drought stress level D1 (50% field capacity) and D2 (75% field capacity) for different seedling attributes such as germination percentage (GP), chlorophyll content (CC), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), seedling fresh weight (SDFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), relative water content (RWC), root/shoot ratio (RS), and seedling dry weight (SeDW). The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and spider analysis indicate that significant amount of genetic variation was present and behavior of studied germplasm showed different behavior in different environment. The correlation analysis showed that root length has significantly positive association with root/shoot ratio, dry weight, and fresh weight while negatively correlated with shoot length and relative water content. Based on the positively associated traits, the studied genetic material would improve genetic gain for drought tolerance. The multivariate analysis showed that out 13 principal components only five PCs were significant and has eigenvalue > 1, cumulatively showed 82.33, 83.07, and 97.34% of total variation under normal, D1 and D2 conditions, respectively. Significantly, the result of spider graph and multivariate analysis showed that genotypes G47, G48, G65, G68, and G80 performed well in all drought stress conditions and considered as drought-tolerant genotypes. The best performing genotypes can be used in future breeding programs. The selection on the bases of studied attributes is effective for development of drought-tolerant and high-yielding varieties for sustainable food security.

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Dataset Information

Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Phenotypic and Proline Analyses.

Publications

Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance Using Phenotypic and Proline Analyses.

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