Dataset Information

Plant cell wall hydrolysis process reveals structure-activity relationships.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Recent interest in Populus as a source of renewable energy, combined with its numerous available pretreatment methods, has enabled further research on structural modification and hydrolysis. To improve the biodegradation efficiency of biomass, a better understanding of the relationship between its macroscopic structures and enzymatic process is important.

Results

This study investigated mutant cell wall structures compared with wild type on a molecular level. Furthermore, a novel insight into the structural dynamics occurring on mutant biomass was assessed in situ and in real time by functional Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging. High-resolution AFM images confirmed that genetic pretreatment effectively inhibited the production of irregular lignin. The average roughness values of the wild type are 78, 60, and 30 nm which are much higher than that of the mutant cell wall, approximately 10 nm. It is shown that the action of endoglucanases would expose pure crystalline cellulose with more cracks for easier hydrolysis by cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI). Throughout the entire CBHI hydrolytic process, when the average roughness exceeded 3 nm, the hydrolysis mode consisted of a peeling action.

Conclusion

Functional AFM imaging is helpful for biomass structural characterization. In addition, the visualization of the enzymatic hydrolysis process will be useful to explore the cell wall structure-activity relationships.

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7640438 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Plant cell wall hydrolysis process reveals structure-activity relationships.

Zhang Yanan Y Xu Shengnan S Ji Fan F Hu Yubing Y Gu Zhongwei Z Xu Bingqian B

Plant methods 20201103 1

<h4>Background</h4>Recent interest in Populus as a source of renewable energy, combined with its numerous available pretreatment methods, has enabled further research on structural modification and hydrolysis. To improve the biodegradation efficiency of biomass, a better understanding of the relationship between its macroscopic structures and enzymatic process is important.<h4>Results</h4>This study investigated mutant cell wall structures compared with wild type on a molecular level. Furthermor ...[more]

PMID: 33292382

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Biofuel use is one of many means of addressing global change caused by anthropogenic release of fossil fuel carbon dioxide into Earth's atmosphere. To make a meaningful reduction in fossil fuel use, bioethanol must be produced from the entire plant rather than only its starch or sugars. Enzymes produced by fungi constitute a significant percentage of the cost of bioethanol production from non-starch (i.e., lignocellulosic) components of energy crops and agricultural residues. We, and others, have reasoned that fungi that naturally deconstruct plant walls may provide the best enzymes for bioconversion of energy crops. RESULTS:Previously, we have reported on the isolation of 106 fungi from decaying leaves of Miscanthus and sugarcane (Appl Environ Microbiol 77:5490-504, 2011). Here, we thoroughly analyze 30 of these fungi including those most often found on decaying leaves and stems of these plants, as well as four fungi chosen because they are well-studied for their plant cell wall deconstructing enzymes, for wood decay, or for genetic regulation of plant cell wall deconstruction. We extend our analysis to assess not only their ability over an 8-week period to bioconvert Miscanthus cell walls but also their ability to secrete total protein, to secrete enzymes with the activities of xylanases, exocellulases, endocellulases, and beta-glucosidases, and to remove specific parts of Miscanthus cell walls, that is, glucan, xylan, arabinan, and lignin. CONCLUSION:This study of fungi that bioconvert energy crops is significant because 30 fungi were studied, because the fungi were isolated from decaying energy grasses, because enzyme activity and removal of plant cell wall components were recorded in addition to biomass conversion, and because the study period was 2 months. Each of these factors make our study the most thorough to date, and we discovered fungi that are significantly superior on all counts to the most widely used, industrial bioconversion fungus, Trichoderma reesei. Many of the best fungi that we found are in taxonomic groups that have not been exploited for industrial bioconversion and the cultures are available from the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures in Utrecht, Netherlands, for all to use.

Dataset Information

Plant cell wall hydrolysis process reveals structure-activity relationships.

Background

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Plant cell wall hydrolysis process reveals structure-activity relationships.

Similar Datasets

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