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Advances in Lipid Nanoparticles for mRNA-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: Over the past decade, messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as potent and flexible platform for the development of novel effective cancer immunotherapies. Advances in non-viral gene delivery technologies, especially the tremendous progress in lipid nanoparticles' manufacturing, have made possible the implementation of mRNA-based antitumor treatments. Several mRNA-based immunotherapies have demonstrated antitumor effect in preclinical and clinical studies, and marked successes have been achieved most notably by its implementation in therapeutic vaccines, cytokines therapies, checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cell therapy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the development of lipid nanoparticles for mRNA-based immunotherapies and their applications in cancer treatment. Finally, we also highlight the variety of immunotherapeutic approaches through mRNA delivery and discuss the main factors affecting transfection efficiency and tropism of mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles in vivo.

SUBMITTER: Guevara ML 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7645050 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome-wide association studies highlight novel risk loci for septal defects and left-sided congenital heart defects.

Broberg Martin M   Ampuja Minna M   Jones Samuel S   Ojala Tiina T   Rahkonen Otto O   Kivelä Riikka R   Priest James J   Palotie Aarno A   Ollila Hanna M HM   Helle Emmi E  

BMC genomics 20240307 1

<h4>Background</h4>Congenital heart defects (CHD) are structural defects of the heart affecting approximately 1% of newborns. They exhibit low penetrance and non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance as varied and complex traits. While genetic factors are known to play an important role in the development of CHD, the specific genetics remain unknown for the majority of patients. To elucidate the underlying genetic risk, we performed a genome wide association study (GWAS) of CHDs in general and speci  ...[more]

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