Dataset Information

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Interaction With Swine Endothelial Cells.

ABSTRACT: Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia is a swine (host) specific respiratory pathogen and the etiological agent of swine pleuropneumonia which affects pigs of all ages, many being asymptomatic carriers. This pathogen has high morbidity and mortality rates which generates large economic losses for the pig industry. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a widely studied bacterium, however its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. The prevalence of the 18 serotypes of A. pleuropneumoniae varies by geographic region, in North American area, more specifically in Mexico, serotypes 1, 3, 5b, and 7 show higher prevalence. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is described as a strict extracellular pathogen with tropism for lower respiratory tract. However, this study depicts the ability of these serotypes to adhere to non-phagocytic cells, using an endothelial cell model, as well as their ability to internalize them, proposing it could be considered as an intracellular pathogen.

SUBMITTER: Plasencia-Munoz B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7658479 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Interaction With Swine Endothelial Cells.

Plasencia-Muñoz Berenice B Avelar-González Francisco J FJ De la Garza Mireya M Jacques Mario M Moreno-Flores Adriana A Guerrero-Barrera Alma L AL

Frontiers in veterinary science 20201029

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia is a swine (host) specific respiratory pathogen and the etiological agent of swine pleuropneumonia which affects pigs of all ages, many being asymptomatic carriers. This pathogen has high morbidity and mortality rates which generates large economic losses for the pig industry. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a widely studied bacterium, however its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. The prevalence of the 18 serotypes of A. pleuropneumoniae va ...[more]

PMID: 33195549

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Project description:BackgroundActinobacillus pleuropneumoniae formerly known as Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae, can cause pleuropneumoniae in pigs, which lead to significant mortality. Ceftiofur was the first cephalosporin antibiotic used in animals, which was effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterium. This study aimed to formulate a rational dosage strategy and review the preceding recommended dosage based on PK/PD modeling and Establish Clinical breakpoint of ceftiofur against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae based on the pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic cutoff.ResultsThe epidemiologic cutoff value was 0.125 μg/mL. The results of the pharmacodynamic study showed that the MICs of BW39 were 0.5 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL in vitro and ex-vivo, respectively. The minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) under in vitro and ex vivo conditions were both 1 μg/mL. The time-killing profiles of ceftiofur against BW39 were time-dependent with a partly concentration-dependent pattern. Based on the inhibitory sigmoid Emax model, the AUC24 h/MIC values for the bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and elimination effects in serum were 45.73, 63.83, and 69.04 h for healthy pigs separately. According to the Monte Carlo simulation, the COPD was calculated as 2 μg/mL, and the optimized dosage regimen of ceftiofur against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to achieve bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and elimination effects over 24 h was 2.13, 2.97, and 3.42 mg/kg for the 50% target attainment rate (TAR) and 2.47, 3.21, and 3.70 mg/kg for the 90% TAR respectively.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we reveal the EOFF and PK/PD cutoff values of ceftiofur against A. pleuropneumoniae in piglets. However, with the paucity of clinical data for ceftiofur to establish a clinical cutoff against A. pleuropneumoniae, the PK/PD cutoff value of 2 μg/mL will be recommended as surrogate. According to the PK/PD data and the MIC distribution in China, the single bactericidal dose was 3.21 mg/kg for the 90% target, which would be more able to cure Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and avoid the emergence of resistance for clinical ceftiofur use in piglet.

Dataset Information

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Interaction With Swine Endothelial Cells.

Publications

<i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> Interaction With Swine Endothelial Cells.

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