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The complete mitochondrial genome of Bufotes zamdaensis (Anura: Bufonidae).

ABSTRACT: The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Bufotes zamdaensis was reported in the present research by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 17,189?bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two ribosome RNA genes, and one D-loop region. All gene conformations were consistent with the gene arrangement in vertebrates. Most of the genes of B. zamdaensis were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. Phylogenetic analysis of B. zamdaensis and 12 other closely amphibian species was reconstructed using Maximum-likelihood methods. The sequences of B. zamdaensis were clustered in genus Bufotes. The phylogenetic analyses based on these mitogenomes presented here will be useful to further insights on the evolutionary relationships of Bufonidae.

SUBMITTER: Li S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7687650 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Bufotes zamdaensis (Anura: Bufonidae).

Li Shuai S Peng Li-Fang LF Lu Shun-Qing SQ Huang Song S

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20190710 2

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Bufotes zamdaensis was reported in the present research by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 17,189 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two ribosome RNA genes, and one D-loop region. All gene conformations were consistent with the gene arrangement in vertebrates. Most of the genes of B. zamdaensis were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which ...[more]

PMID: 33365464

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Project description:Mitogenomes are useful in analyzing phylogenetic relationships and also appear to influence energy metabolism, thermoregulation and osmoregulation. Much evidence has accumulated for positive selection acting on mitochondrial genes associated with environmental adaptation. Hence, the mitogenome is a likely target for environmental selection. The family Bufonidae (true toads) has only nine complete and four partial mitogenomes published compared to the 610 known species of this family. More mitogenomes are needed in order to obtain a clearer understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within Bufonidae that are currently controversial. To date, no mitogenomes have been reported from the genera Anaxyrus and Bufotes. Anaxyrus americanus can live in low temperature environments and Bufotes pewzowi can live in high salinity environments. We sequenced the mitogenomes of these two species to discuss the phylogenetic relationships within Bufonidae and the selection pressures experienced by specimens living in low temperature or saline environments. Like other toads, the circular mitogenomes of both species contained the typical 37 genes. Anaxyrus americanus had the highest A+T content of the complete mitogenome among the Bufonidae. In addition, A. americanus showed a negative AT-skew in the control region, whereas Bufotes pewzowi showed a positive AT-skew. Additionally, both toad species had unique molecular features in common: an ND1 gene that uses TTG as the start codon, an extra unpaired adenine (A) in the anticodon arm of trnS (AGY), and the loss of the DHU loop in trnC. The monophyly of Bufonidae was corroborated by both BI and ML trees. An analysis of selective pressure based on the 13 protein coding genes was conducted using the EasyCodeML program. In the branch model analysis, we found two branches of A. americanus and Bufotes pewzowi that were under negative selection. Additionally, we found two positively selected sites (at positions 115 and 119, BEB value > 0.90) in the ND6 protein in the site model analysis. The residue D (119) was located only in A. americanus and may be related to adaptive evolution in low temperature environments. However, there was no evidence of a positively selected site in Bufotes pewzowi in this study.

Dataset Information

The complete mitochondrial genome of Bufotes zamdaensis (Anura: Bufonidae).

Publications

The complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Bufotes zamdaensis</i> (Anura: Bufonidae).

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