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Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Marker of Immune Function in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.

ABSTRACT: Torque teno virus (TTV) has been proposed as a surrogate biomarker of T-cell function in allogeneic-haematopoietic-stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Conflicting data exists regarding the value of TTV to assess the degree of immunosuppression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between TTV viral load and immune function. Using samples from a prospective cohort composed of healthy-volunteers (HV) and allo-HSCT recipients at 6 months post-transplantation, we assessed the correlation between TTV viraemia and immune cell counts or T-cell proliferation capacity post-phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. TTV viraemia was detected in 68% of HV (n = 80) and 100% of allo-HSCT recipients (n = 41; p < 0.001); it was significantly higher in allo-HSCT recipients (3.9 vs. 2.1 Log copies/mL, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between T-cell function and CD3⁺T-cell count (rho: 0.002) suggesting that T-cell count can normalise without full functional recovery. Furthermore, no significant correlation was observed between TTV viraemia and absolute total/subset lymphocyte counts (rho: <0.13). The highest correlation was observed between TTV viral load and T-cell proliferation capacity (rho: -0.39). We therefore report an inverse correlation between T-cell function and TTV viraemia that is independent of T-cell count. Monitoring of TTV viraemia could be a fast suitable option to objectively assess the competence of immune function in at-risk populations.

SUBMITTER: Mouton W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7696489 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Marker of Immune Function in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.

Mouton William W Conrad Anne A Bal Antonin A Boccard Mathilde M Malcus Christophe C Ducastelle-Lepretre Sophie S Balsat Marie M Barraco Fiorenza F Larcher Marie-Virginie MV Fossard Gaëlle G Labussière-Wallet Hélène H Ader Florence F Brengel-Pesce Karen K Trouillet-Assant Sophie S Heminf Study Group Lyon L

Viruses 20201111 11

Torque teno virus (TTV) has been proposed as a surrogate biomarker of T-cell function in allogeneic-haematopoietic-stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Conflicting data exists regarding the value of TTV to assess the degree of immunosuppression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between TTV viral load and immune function. Using samples from a prospective cohort composed of healthy-volunteers (HV) and allo-HSCT recipients at 6 months post-transplantation, we assess ...[more]

PMID: 33187285

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Project description:Balancing immunosuppression to prevent rejection in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients remains challenging. Torque teno virus (TTV), a commensal non-pathogenic virus, has been proposed as marker of functional immunity: higher loads correspond to over-immunosuppression, and lower loads to under-immunosuppression. This review offers an overview of the current evidence of the association between TTV-load and infection and rejection after SOT. A systematic literature search strategy, deposited in the PROSPERO registry, resulted in 548 records. After screening, 23 original and peer-reviewed articles were assessed investigating the association between TTV-load, infection and/or rejection in SOT. The Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS)-tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Meta-analysis with random-effects was performed on results with similar outcomes and exposure measures. Most of the included studies involved retrospective cohorts in which the TTV-load was measured longitudinally, within the first 2 years post-transplantation. Infection outcomes differed between studies and included viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal infections. Rejection was defined by biopsy confirmation or initiation of rejection treatment. Twelve out of 16 studies reported an association between high TTV-load and infections, whereas 13 out of 15 reported an association between low TTV-load and rejection. Meta-analysis showed an increased risk of infection (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.32; HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.97-1.14) and a decreased risk of rejection (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87-0.94; HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.76) per 1 log TTV-load increase. The qualitative assessment showed varying risks of bias in the included studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that blood TTV-load measured within the first 2 years after SOT is associated with the risk of infection or allograft rejection, although substantial risk of bias in the studies included warrant cautious interpretation. The results in this review provide a rationale for larger, prospective, studies into TTV as marker of infection and rejection after SOT.

Dataset Information

Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Marker of Immune Function in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.

Publications

Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Marker of Immune Function in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients.

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