Dataset Information

Coyotes as Reservoirs for Onchocerca lupi, United States, 2015-2018.

ABSTRACT: The Onchocerca lupi nematode infects dogs, cats, and humans, but whether it can be spread by coyotes has been unknown. We conducted surveillance for O. lupi nematode infection in coyotes in the southwestern United States. We identified multiple coyote populations in Arizona and New Mexico as probable reservoirs for this species.

SUBMITTER: Roe CC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7706981 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Coyotes as Reservoirs for Onchocerca lupi, United States, 2015-2018.

Roe Chandler C CC Yaglom Hayley H Howard April A Urbanz Jennifer J Verocai Guilherme G GG Andrews Lela L Harrison Veronica V Barnes Riley R Lyons Ted T Bowers Jolene R JR Engelthaler David M DM

Emerging infectious diseases 20201201 12

The Onchocerca lupi nematode infects dogs, cats, and humans, but whether it can be spread by coyotes has been unknown. We conducted surveillance for O. lupi nematode infection in coyotes in the southwestern United States. We identified multiple coyote populations in Arizona and New Mexico as probable reservoirs for this species. ...[more]

PMID: 33219658

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Project description:Highlights • Study methods significantly impact estimates of colorectal cancer screening rates.• Several methods overestimate colorectal cancer screening rates as >65%• Including high-risk people or a retrospective cohort design overestimates rates.• In a cross-sectional design, 51% were up to date with colorectal cancer screening.• Evaluating adherence to colorectal cancer screening guidelines requires method clarity. Colorectal cancer screening rates are important metrics for public health and quality indicators for health care systems; however, published estimates of colorectal cancer screening rates often include both high-risk and average-risk patients, and the use of different epidemiologic methods makes between-study comparisons tenuous. The objective of this study was to measure the proportion of average-risk American adults who are up to date with colorectal cancer screening guidelines and examine the impact of evaluation methods on screening rate estimates. This repeated cross-sectional study used administrative claims to identify individuals aged 50–75 years between 2015 and 2018 with ≥ 1-year of continuous health plan enrollment. Sensitivity analyses to replicate prior studies in the literature included: 1) retrospective cohort study requiring ≥ 10 years of continuous enrollment to identify the most current screening rates (2018), and 2) inclusion of individuals with higher colorectal cancer risk. A total of 2,579,898; 2,948,064; 3,312,882; and 2,752,864 individuals were included in the 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 populations, respectively. In the cross-sectional sample, the proportion of individuals with up-to-date colorectal cancer screening was 51.8%, 51.3%, 51.0%, and 51.1% in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively. The inclusion of high-risk individuals increased estimates approximately 37%. Using a retrospective cohort design, 67.5% of average-risk individuals were up to date in 2018. This study demonstrated the impact of methodological differences on rate estimates. Efforts to track screening rates require transparency in measurement methods to accurately evaluate progress in improving rates.

Dataset Information

Coyotes as Reservoirs for Onchocerca lupi, United States, 2015-2018.

Publications

Coyotes as Reservoirs for Onchocerca lupi, United States, 2015-2018.

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