Dataset Information

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Aphanamixis polystachya.

ABSTRACT: The first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of Aphanamixis polystachya was determined from Illumina HiSeq pair-end sequencing data in this study. The cpDNA is 160,236?bp in length, contains a large single-copy region (LSC) of 87,484?bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,670?bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IR) regions of 27,040?bp. The genome contains 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome is 37.6%, and the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 35.6%, 31.8%, and 42.8%, respectively. Further phylogenomic analysis showed that A. polystachya and Cipadessa cinerascens clustered in a clade in family Meliaceae.

SUBMITTER: Yuan X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7707655 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i>.

Yuan Xiaolong X Wang Yi Y

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20191112 2

The first complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequence of <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i> was determined from Illumina HiSeq pair-end sequencing data in this study. The cpDNA is 160,236 bp in length, contains a large single-copy region (LSC) of 87,484 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 18,670 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IR) regions of 27,040 bp. The genome contains 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes, and 37 transfer RNA genes. T ...[more]

PMID: 33366262

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Project description:BackgroundPolystachya Hook. is a large pantropical orchid genus (c. 240 species) distributed in Africa, southern Asia and the Americas, with the center of diversity in Africa. Previous studies on species of this genus have not obtained the complete chloroplast genomes, structures and variations. Additionally, the phylogenetic position of the genus in the Orchidaceae is still controversial and uncertain. Therefore, in this study, we sequenced the complete plastomes of six Kenya Polystachya species based on genome skimming, subjected them to comparative genomic analysis, and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships with other Orchidaceae species.ResultsThe results exhibited that the chloroplast genomes had a typical quadripartite structure with conserved genome arrangement and moderate divergence. The plastomes of the six Polystachya species ranged from 145,484 bp to 149,274 bp in length and had an almost similar GC content of 36.9-37.0%. Gene annotation revealed 106-109 single-copy genes. In addition, 19 genes are duplicated in the inverted regions, and 16 genes each possessd one or more introns. Although no large structural variations were observed among the Polystachya plastomes, about 1 kb inversion was found in Polystachya modesta and all 11 ndh genes in the Polystachya plastomes were lost or pseudogenized. Comparative analysis of the overall sequence identity among six complete chloroplast genomes confirmed that for both coding and non-coding regions in Polystachya, SC regions exhibit higher sequence variation than IRs. Furthermore, there were various amplifications in the IR regions among the six Polystachya species. Most of the protein-coding genes of these species had a high degree of codon preference. We screened out SSRs and found seven relatively highly variable loci. Moreover, 13 genes were discovered with significant positive selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the six Polystachya species formed a monophyletic clade and were more closely related to the tribe Vandeae. Phylogenetic relationships of the family Orchidaceae inferred from the 85 chloroplast genome sequences were generally consistent with previous studies and robust.ConclusionsOur study is the initial report of the complete chloroplast genomes of the six Polystachya species, elucidates the structural characteristics of the chloroplast genome of Polystachya, and filters out highly variable sequences that can contribute to the development of DNA markers for use in the study of genetic variability and evolutionary studies in Polystachya. In addition, the phylogenetic results strongly support that the genus of Polystachya is a part of the tribe Vandeae.

Project description:Erigeron breviscapus is a famous medicinal plant. However, the limited chloroplast genome information of E. breviscapus, especially for the chloroplast DNA sequence resources, has hindered the study of E. breviscapus chloroplast genome transformation. Here, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of E. breviscapus was reported. This genome was 152,164bp in length, included 37.2% GC content and was structurally arranged into two 24,699bp inverted repeats (IRs) and two single-copy areas. The sizes of the large single-copy region and the small single-copy region were 84,657 and 18,109bp, respectively. The E. breviscapus cp genome consisted of 127 coding genes, including 83 protein coding genes, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. For those genes, 95 genes were single copy genes and 16 genes were duplicated in two inverted regions with seven tRNAs, four rRNAs, and five protein coding genes. Then, genomic DNA of E. breviscapus was used as a template, and the endogenous 5' and 3' flanking sequences of the trnI gene and trnA gene were selected as homologous recombinant fragments in vector construction and cloned through PCR. The endogenous 5' flanking sequences of the psbA gene and rrn16S gene, the endogenous 3' flanking sequences of the psbA gene, rbcL gene, and rps16 gene and one sequence element from the psbN-psbH chloroplast operon were cloned, and certain chloroplast regulatory elements were identified. Two homologous recombination fragments and all of these elements were constructed into the cloning vector pBluescript SK (+) to yield a series of chloroplast expression vectors, which harbored the reporter gene EGFP and the selectable marker aadA gene. After identification, the chloroplast expression vectors were transformed into Escherichia coli and the function of predicted regulatory elements was confirmed by a spectinomycin resistance test and fluorescence intensity measurement. The results indicated that aadA gene and EGFP gene were efficiently expressed under the regulation of predicted regulatory elements and the chloroplast expression vector had been successfully constructed, thereby providing a solid foundation for establishing subsequent E. breviscapus chloroplast transformation system and genetic improvement of E. breviscapus.

Dataset Information

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Aphanamixis polystachya.

Publications

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i>.

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