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Targeting transforming growth factor-? signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy.

ABSTRACT: During the past decades, drugs targeting transforming growth factor-? (TGF?) signaling have received tremendous attention for late-stage cancer treatment since TGF? signaling has been recognized as a prime driver for tumor progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, in healthy and pre-malignant tissues, TGF? functions as a potent tumor suppressor. Furthermore, TGF? signaling plays a key role in normal development and homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion, and by suppressing tumor-associated inflammation. Therefore, targeting TGF? signaling for cancer therapy is challenging. Recently, we and others showed that blocking TGF? signaling increased chemotherapy efficacy, particularly for nanomedicines. In this review, we briefly introduce the TGF? signaling pathway, and the multifaceted functions of TGF? signaling in cancer, including regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the behavior of cancer cells. We also summarize TGF? targeting agents. Then, we highlight TGF? inhibition strategies to restore the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulate the tumor vasculature, reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and impair the stemness of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) to enhance cancer chemotherapy efficacy. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities in targeting TGF? signaling for cancer therapy are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Chen J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7738904 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Targeting transforming growth factor-β signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy.

Chen Jitang J Ding Ze-Yang ZY Li Si S Liu Sha S Xiao Chen C Li Zifu Z Zhang Bi-Xiang BX Chen Xiao-Ping XP Yang Xiangliang X

Theranostics 20210101 3

During the past decades, drugs targeting transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling have received tremendous attention for late-stage cancer treatment since TGFβ signaling has been recognized as a prime driver for tumor progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, in healthy and pre-malignant tissues, TGFβ functions as a potent tumor suppressor. Furthermore, TGFβ signaling plays a key role in normal development and homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosi ...[more]

PMID: 33391538

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Project description:Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite recent advances in the development of targeted therapies, patients with advanced disease remain incurable, mostly because metastatic non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) eventually become resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Kinase inhibitors have the potential for target promiscuity because the kinase super family is the largest family of druggable genes that binds to a common substrate (ATP). As a result, TKIs often developed for a specific purpose have been found to act on other targets. Drug affinity chromatography has been used to show that dasatinib interacts with the TGF? type I receptor (T?R-I), a serine-threonine kinase. To determine the potential biological relevance of this association, we studied the combined effects of dasatinib and TGF? on lung cancer cell lines. We found that dasatinib treatment alone had very little effect; however, when NSCLC cell lines were treated with a combination of TGF? and dasatinib, apoptosis was induced. Combined TGF?-1 + dasatinib treatment had no effect on the activity of Smad2 or other non-canonical TGF? intracellular mediators. Interestingly, combined TGF? and dasatinib treatment resulted in a transient increase in p-Smad3 (seen after 3 hours). In addition, when NSCLC cells were treated with this combination, the pro-apoptotic protein BIM was up-regulated. Knockdown of the expression of Smad3 using Smad3 siRNA also resulted in a decrease in BIM protein, suggesting that TGF?-1 + dasatinib-induced apoptosis is mediated by Smad3 regulation of BIM. Dasatinib is only effective in killing EGFR mutant cells, which is shown in only 10% of NSCLCs. Therefore, the observation that wild-type EGFR lung cancers can be manipulated to render them sensitive to killing by dasatinib could have important implications for devising innovative and potentially more efficacious treatment strategies for this disease.

Dataset Information

Targeting transforming growth factor-? signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy.

Publications

Targeting transforming growth factor-β signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy.

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