Dataset Information

Cytokine Network and Sexual HIV Transmission in Men Who Have Sex With Men.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Seminal HIV transmission from men to their partners remains the main driver of HIV epidemics worldwide. Semen is not merely a carrier of virus but provides an immunological milieu that affects HIV transmission. METHODS:We collected blood and semen from people with HIV (PWH) whose epidemiologically-linked sexual partners became HIV infected or did not acquire HIV. Viral transmission was confirmed by phylogenetic linkage (HIV pol). We measured the concentration of 34 cytokines/chemokines by Luminex in blood and semen of 21 source partners who transmit ('transmitters') and 22 who did not transmit HIV ('non-transmitters') to their sexual partners. Differences between cytokine profiles in transmitters versus non-transmitters were analyzed using the multivariate statistical technique Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis. RESULTS:The cytokine profile in seminal, but not in the peripheral blood, was significantly different between men who have sex wirth men (MSM) who transmitted and those who did not transmit HIV to their sexual partners (E=19.77, p<0.01). This difference persisted after excluding people with undetectable HIV RNA levels in non-transmitters. CONCLUSIONS:Seminal cytokine profiles correlated with transmission or non-transmission of HIV from the infected MSM to their partners, independently from seminal viral load. Seminal cytokine spectra might be a contributing determinant of sexual HIV transmission thus providing new directions for the development of strategies aiming at preventing HIV transmission.

SUBMITTER: Vanpouille C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7744977 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cytokine Network and Sexual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in Men Who Have Sex With Men.

Vanpouille Christophe C Frick Andrew A Rawlings Stephen A SA Hoenigl Martin M Lisco Andrea A Margolis Leonid L Gianella Sara S

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20201201 10

<h4>Background</h4>Seminal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission from men to their partners remains the main driver of HIV epidemics worldwide. Semen is not merely a carrier of the virus, but also provides an immunological milieu that affects HIV transmission.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected blood and semen from people with HIV whose epidemiologically linked sexual partners either did or did not acquire HIV. Viral transmission was confirmed by phylogenetic linkage (HIV pol). We measured th ...[more]

PMID: 31768525

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Project description:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses continue to increase among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Many YMSM living with HIV engage in sexual risk behaviors, and those who have a detectable viral load can transmit HIV to sex partners. Understanding factors that are related to sexual risk taking among virologically detectable (VL+) YMSM can inform prevention and treatment efforts.To describe differences between virologically suppressed (VL-) and VL+ YMSM living with HIV and to identify correlates of condomless anal intercourse (CAI) and serodiscordant CAI among VL+ YMSM.In this cross-sectional survey conducted from December 1, 2009, through June 30, 2012, we studied 991 HIV-infected YMSM 15 to 26 years of age at 20 adolescent HIV clinics in the United States. Data analysis was conducted December 1, 2013, through July 31, 2015.Demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial assessments obtained using audio computer-assisted self-interviews. Viral load information was obtained via blood draw or medical record abstraction.Of the 991 participants, 688 (69.4%) were VL+ and 458 (46.2%) reported CAI, with 310 (31.3%) reporting serodiscordant CAI in the past 3 months. The VL+ YMSM were more likely than the VL- YMSM to report CAI (detectable, 266 [54.7%]; suppressed, 91 [44.4%]; P =?.01) and serodiscordant CAI (detectable, 187 [34.9%]; suppressed, 57 [25.0%]; P <?.01). Multivariable analyses indicated that among VL+ YMSM, those reporting problematic substance use were more likely to report CAI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02-2.10) and serodiscordant CAI (AOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.06-1.99). Black VL+ YMSM were less likely to report CAI (AOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44-0.90) or serodiscordant CAI (AOR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.46-0.94) compared with other VL+ YMSM. In addition, VL+ YMSM who disclosed their HIV status to sex partners were more likely to report CAI compared with nondisclosing YMSM (AOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.01-1.81). Transgender participants were less likely to report CAI than cisgender participants (AOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14-0.85). Last, VL+ YMSM who reported currently being employed were less likely to report serodiscordant CAI than those who were unemployed (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55-0.99).Targeted multilevel interventions are needed to reduce HIV transmission risk behaviors among YMSM living with HIV, particularly among those who are VL+.

Project description:The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men has increased in recent years and is associated with high-risk sexual behavior. Behavioral interventions that target high-risk behavior associated with HCV transmission and treatment with direct-acting antivirals may prevent further HCV infections. We predicted the effect of behavioral and treatment interventions on HCV incidence and prevalence among HIV-infected men who have sex with men up to 2030 using a HCV transmission model parameterized with data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. We assessed behavioral interventions associated with further increase, stabilization, and decrease in the size of the population with high-risk behavior. Treatment interventions included increase in treatment uptake and use of direct-acting antivirals. If we assumed that without behavioral interventions high-risk behavior spread further according to the trends observed over the last decade and that the treatment practice did not change, HCV incidence converged to 10.7/100 person-years. All assessed behavioral interventions alone resulted in reduced HCV transmissions. Stabilization of high-risk behavior combined with increased treatment uptake and the use of direct-acting antivirals reduced incidence by 77% (from 2.2 in 2015 to 0.5/100 person-years) and prevalence by 81% (from 4.8% in 2015 to 0.9%) over the next 15 years. Increasing treatment uptake was more effective than increasing treatment efficacy to reduce HCV incidence and prevalence. A decrease in high-risk behavior led to a rapid decline in HCV incidence, independent of treatment interventions.ConclusionTreatment interventions to curb the HCV epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men are effective if high-risk behavior does not increase as it has during the last decade; reducing high-risk behavior associated with HCV transmission would be the most effective intervention for controlling the HCV epidemic, even if this was not accompanied by an increase in treatment uptake or efficacy. (Hepatology 2016;64:1856-1869).

Dataset Information

Cytokine Network and Sexual HIV Transmission in Men Who Have Sex With Men.

Publications

Cytokine Network and Sexual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in Men Who Have Sex With Men.

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