The complete mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Alpine Merino sheep (Ovis aries).
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Qiao G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7748558 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Jialuo sheep is one of the important production materials of herdsmen in the pastoral areas of northwestern Sichuan in China. We reported the complete mitogenome of Jialuo sheep for the first time. It is 16,617 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region (D-loop). In the evolutionary relationship, the mitogenome of Jialuo sheep is closer to Texel sheep. This report will help the further studies of sheep species classification and resource protection.
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Project description:BackgroundSheep (Ovis aries) were domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region about 9,000-8,000 years ago. Currently, few mitochondrial (mt) DNA studies are available on archaeological sheep. In particular, no data on archaeological European sheep are available.Methodology/principal findingsHere we describe the first portion of mtDNA sequence of a Copper Age European sheep. DNA was extracted from hair shafts which were part of the clothes of the so-called Tyrolean Iceman or Ötzi (5,350-5,100 years before present). Mitochondrial DNA (a total of 2,429 base pairs, encompassing a portion of the control region, tRNA(Phe), a portion of the 12S rRNA gene, and the whole cytochrome B gene) was sequenced using a mixed sequencing procedure based on PCR amplification and 454 sequencing of pooled amplification products. We have compared the sequence with the corresponding sequence of 334 extant lineages.Conclusions/significanceA phylogenetic network based on a new cladistic notation for the mitochondrial diversity of domestic sheep shows that the Ötzi's sheep falls within haplogroup B, thus demonstrating that sheep belonging to this haplogroup were already present in the Alps more than 5,000 years ago. On the other hand, the lineage of the Ötzi's sheep is defined by two transitions (16147, and 16440) which, assembled together, define a motif that has not yet been identified in modern sheep populations.
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Project description:Qiaoke sheep (Ovis aries) is a local sheep breed in Gansu province, China. It is a kind of Tibetan sheep that used for both meat and wool after long-term breeding. In this paper, the complete mitochondrial genome of Qiaoke sheep was sequenced. The total length of the mitochondrial genome is 16616 bp, and the base composition is 33.65% A, 13.14% G, 25.88% C and 27.33% T. The genome has a total of 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and a control region (D-loop region). This complete sequence would enlarge useful genomic information for further studies.
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Project description:Ovis aries breed:Alpine merino sheep Transcriptome or Gene expression
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Project description:Hormonal assessment tools are important for determining the reproductive success of production animals. This study used non-invasive wool assessment to quantify changes in progesterone and cortisol levels in reproducing female merino sheep. Wool samples were collected from a group of n = 46 maiden merino ewes (22-25 months old), naturally joined under natural light conditions in southern New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Three shearing opportunities were conducted as part of standard on-farm management practices. The wool samples were collected at three different dates during 2017, January (prior to rams being put out with the mob and to provide a baseline level since previous shearing in May 2016), September (during very late stages of gestation-approximately 2 weeks prior to parturition) and December (ewes had given birth and ~2-month-old lambs were at foot). Analysis of cortisol and progesterone was conducted concurrently from the same sample of wool. The hormones in wool samples quantified using commercially available cortisol and progesterone enzyme-immunoassay kits. Wool cortisol concentrations increased significantly (p = 3.04E-14) from pre-joining in January (1.33±0.12 ng/g) to late gestation in September (3.59±0.12 ng/g). Concentration of wool cortisol post-lambing in December (3.27±0.14 ng/g) did not decline significantly (p = 0.124) after gestation however remained significantly higher (p = 3.82E-10) than pre-joining levels. Wool progesterone (PG) concentrations increased significantly (p = 1.83E-33) from pre-joining (0.04±0.005 ng/g) in January to late gestation in September (5.53±0.13 ng/g) with a significant (p = 5.44E-59) decline observed in December (0.05±0.003 ng/g) to post- pregnancy concentrations. No significant difference was shown between pre-joining and post lambing PG concentrations (p = 0.057). Our results showed that non-invasive assessment of hormones in Merino sheep wool reflected significant increase in both cortisol and progesterone guided by pregnancy.
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Project description:In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Marco Polo wild sheep was sequenced for the first time. It is 16 613 bp in length and possesses 22 tRNA genes, 13 typical mammalian protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes and one D-loop region. The whole genome's base composition is 33.7% A, 25.8% C, 13.1% G and 27.4% T, and the percentage of AT-rich regions is 61.1%.
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