Dataset Information

Wasted Children and Wasted Time: A Challenge to Meeting the Nutrition Sustainable Development Goals with a High Economic Impact to Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT: Despite some progress in the reduction of the prevalence of child wasting in Ethiopia, the pace of progress has been slow. Despite millions of dollars being spent on the treatment of wasting every year, the increased frequency and magnitude of environmental and anthropogenic shocks has halted progress. This study aimed to present the trends of child wasting in Ethiopia and estimate the economic losses related to the slow progress towards meeting the sustainable development goal (SDG) targets. Weather shocks and civil unrest between 2015 and 2018 have halted progress. We used a "consequence model" to apply the coefficient risk-deficit on economic losses established in the global scientific literature to the Ethiopian health, demographic, and economic data to estimate economic losses related to child wasting. The impact of wasting on the national economy of Ethiopia is estimated to be 157.8-230.2 million United States dollars (USD), annually. The greatest contributor to the economic burden (43.5-63.5% of the burden depending on the discount rate) is the cost of supplies and human resources to treat wasting. To reach the 2030 SDGs, Ethiopia should increase its annual average reduction rate (AARR) in the numbers of child (<59 months) wasting from 0.1% to 5.4%. This will avert the wasting in 7.9 million cases and prevent additional economic costs of up to 803.7 million USD over the next decade. Increasing the reach of therapeutic interventions, but also identifying and implementing wasting prevention interventions, will be critical if the SDG targets are to be met and the opportunity of the children to thrive is not to be wasted.

SUBMITTER: Laillou A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7760409 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Wasted Children and Wasted Time: A Challenge to Meeting the Nutrition Sustainable Development Goals with a High Economic Impact to Ethiopia.

Laillou Arnaud A Baye Kaleab K Meseret Zelalem Z Darsene Hiwot H Rashid Abdulai A Chitekwe Stanley S

Nutrients 20201130 12

Despite some progress in the reduction of the prevalence of child wasting in Ethiopia, the pace of progress has been slow. Despite millions of dollars being spent on the treatment of wasting every year, the increased frequency and magnitude of environmental and anthropogenic shocks has halted progress. This study aimed to present the trends of child wasting in Ethiopia and estimate the economic losses related to the slow progress towards meeting the sustainable development goal (SDG) targets. We ...[more]

PMID: 33266008

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Project description:ObjectivesEquality is a central component of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We took one SDG indicator and benchmark-percent of family planning demand met with modern contraceptives, with a benchmark of at least 75% in all countries-as a case study to illuminate recommendations for monitoring equality. Specifically, we assessed levels, patterns, and trends in disparity by key background characteristics and identified disparity measures that are programmatically relevant and easy to interpret.MethodsData were from the Demographic and Health Surveys in 55 countries that have conducted at least 2 surveys since 1990. We calculated absolute difference among subgroups, disaggregated by age, education, household wealth quintile, urban/rural residence, subnational region/administrative unit, and marital status. Our unit of analysis was survey, and we conducted largely descriptive analyses. To understand trends in disparity, we used a fixed-effect linear regression model to estimate an annual rate of change in absolute differences.ResultsA significant level of disparity existed across various background characteristics, ranging from a median difference of 5 percentage points by marital status to 32 percentage points by administrative unit. On average across the study countries, national level of met demand has increased over time while disparity has declined in most disaggregates including by education, wealth, residence, and age. We found statistically significant positive correlations among 4 disparity measures-education, wealth, residence, and administrative unit. Disparities by wealth quintile were easiest to interpret over time and across countries.ConclusionsAt the global level, we recommend monitoring disparity in met demand by wealth quintile, which is strongly correlated with disparity by education, residence, and region and comparable across countries and over time. For monitoring by individual countries and for programmatic purposes, we further recommend monitoring disparity by first-level administrative unit, which can provide direct programmatic relevance.

Project description:Background: Although good progress was made in maternal and child nutrition during the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) era, malnutrition remains one of the major threats on global health. Therefore, the United Nation set several nutrition-related goals in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There is much to be learned from individual countries in terms of efforts and actions taken to reduce malnutrition. China, as a developing country, launched a number of nutrition improvement policies and programs that resulted in dramatic progress in improving maternal and child nutrition during the MDGs era. This study explored the impact, experiences, and lessons learned from the nutrition policies and programs initiated in China during the MDGs era and implications to achieve the SDGs for China and other developing countries.Method: The CNKI database and official websites of Chinese government were searched for reviews on nutrition-related policies and intervention programs. A qualitative study was conducted among key informants from the Chinese government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and universities for two major national nutrition intervention programs.Results: The literature review documented that during the MDGs era, six nutrition policies and eight trans-province and nationwide nutrition intervention programs collectively made good progress in improving maternal and child nutrition in China. Nutrition policies tended to be targeted at infants and children, with less attention on reproductive and maternal nutrition. Nutrition intervention programs focused primarily on undernutrition and have achieved positive results, while for breastfeeding improvement and prevention and control on overweight and obesity were limited. Results from the qualitative study indicated that effective nutrition program implementation was facilitated through the cooperation of multiple sectors and by the government and NGO partnerships, however, still face challenges of insufficient operational funds from local governments and inadequacy of program monitoring and management.Conclusion: Nutrition policies and intervention programs promulgated in China during the MDGs era have made major contributions to the rapid decline of undernutrition and are in line to achieve the SDGs related to child wasting, stunting, low birth weight, and anemia in reproductive-age women. However, appropriate policies and program implementation are needed to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates and reduce obesity to achieve the SDGs in years to come.

Project description:To evaluate the impact of implementing an enteral nutrition algorithm on achieving optimal enteral nutrition delivery in the PICU.Prospective pre/post implementation audit of enteral nutrition practices.One 29-bed medical/surgical PICU in a freestanding, university-affiliated children's hospital.Consecutive patients admitted to the PICU over two 4-week periods pre and post implementation, with a stay of more than 24 hours who received enteral nutrition.Based on the results of our previous study, we developed and systematically implemented a stepwise, evidence and consensus-based algorithm for initiating, advancing, and maintaining enteral nutrition in critically ill children. Three months after implementation, we prospectively recorded clinical characteristics, nutrient delivery, enteral nutrition interruptions, parenteral nutrition use, and ability to reach energy goal in eligible children over a 4-week period. Clinical and nutritional variables were compared between the pre and postintervention cohorts. Time to achieving energy goal was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis.Eighty patients were eligible for this study and were compared to a cohort of 80 patients in the preimplementation audit. There were no significant differences in median age, gender, need for mechanical ventilation, time to initiating enteral nutrition, or use of postpyloric feeding between the two cohorts. We recorded a significant decrease in the number of avoidable episodes of enteral nutrition interruption (3 vs 51, p < 0.0001) and the prevalence and duration of parenteral nutrition dependence in patients with avoidable enteral nutrition interruptions in the postintervention cohort. Median time to reach energy goal decreased from 4 days to 1 day (p < 0.0001), with a higher proportion of patients reaching this goal (99% vs 61%, p = 0.01).The implementation of an enteral nutrition algorithm significantly improved enteral nutrition delivery and decreased reliance on parenteral nutrition in critically ill children. Energy intake goal was reached earlier in a higher proportion of patients.

Dataset Information

Wasted Children and Wasted Time: A Challenge to Meeting the Nutrition Sustainable Development Goals with a High Economic Impact to Ethiopia.

Publications

Wasted Children and Wasted Time: A Challenge to Meeting the Nutrition Sustainable Development Goals with a High Economic Impact to Ethiopia.

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