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What Solutions Exist for Developmental Delays Facing Indigenous Children Globally? A Co-Designed Systematic Review.

ABSTRACT: Early childhood is important for future cognitive and educational outcomes. Programs overcoming barriers to engagement in early education for Indigenous children must address family cultural needs and target developmental delays. This systematic review identifies culturally adapted programs to improve developmental delays among young children, in response to an identified priority of a remote Indigenous community. Five databases (the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Scopus and CINAHL) were searched for English language papers in January 2018. Study quality was assessed, and findings were analysed thematically. Findings were presented to the community at an event with key stakeholders, to determine their inclusion and face validity. Seven relevant studies, published between 1997 and 2013, were identified by the researchers and each study was supported by the community for inclusion. Three studies included on Native American children and four studies included children from non-Indigenous disadvantaged backgrounds. Findings were reported narratively across four themes: storytelling to improve educational outcomes; family involvement improved development; culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy to reduce trauma; rewards-based teaching to improve child attention. Limited published research on culturally adapted and safe interventions for children with developmental delays exists but these four themes from seven studies identify useful components to guide the community and early childhood program development.

SUBMITTER: Macniven R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7763469 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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What Solutions Exist for Developmental Delays Facing Indigenous Children Globally? A Co-Designed Systematic Review.

Macniven Rona R Jeffries Thomas Lee TL Meharg David D Talbot Folau F Rambaldini Boe B Edwards Elaine E Hickie Ian B IB Sloan Margaret M Gwynne Kylie K

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 20201210 12

Early childhood is important for future cognitive and educational outcomes. Programs overcoming barriers to engagement in early education for Indigenous children must address family cultural needs and target developmental delays. This systematic review identifies culturally adapted programs to improve developmental delays among young children, in response to an identified priority of a remote Indigenous community. Five databases (the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Scopus and CINAHL) were sea ...[more]

PMID: 33321773

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Project description:This study investigated the effects of a short-term family-centered workshop for children with developmental delays.This study was conducted in a rehabilitation outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital. We recruited 30 children with developmental delays and their parents as the study group and 57 age- and sex-matched children with typical development and their parents as the control group. The workshop was conducted for the children with developmental delays and their parents in the form of one 2-hour session per week for 6 weeks by health and education professionals by using a family-centered multidisciplinary approach. The Mandarin-Chinese Communicative Developmental Inventory and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-Second Edition were used to assess the communication and motor skills of the children with developmental delays. The parent form of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument, Child Health Questionnaire, Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Inventory, and PedsQL Family Impact Module were administered to the parents of both groups.On study commencement, no significant differences were noted in functional performance and family impact between the children with developmental delays and those without delays. The children with developmental delays had lower health and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores than the children with typical development. Following the workshop, the study group exhibited significant improvements in physical health (94.2 vs 80.2, effect size: 1.00, P?=?.026), global function (94.8 vs 78.7, effect size: 0.88, P?=?.006), impact of the child's health on parental HRQOL (85.0 vs 70.4, effect size: 0.81, P?=?.043), and parental HRQOL (81.3 vs 65.0, effect size: 0.81, P?=?.015). No significant differences were recorded in function, health, HRQOL, or family impact between the children with developmental delays and those with typical development after 6 weeks.The multidisciplinary short-term family-centered workshop for children with developmental delays improved the children's physical health and global functional skills, and it reduced the impact of the child's health on parental HRQOL while also improving parental HRQOL.

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Project description:Children born to HIV-infected mothers have worse developmental outcomes compared to HIV-unexposed children. However, little is known about interventions to improve developmental outcomes in this population. This study systematically reviews the literature on interventions to improve development in children born to HIV-infected mothers. We systematically searched the following electronic bibliographic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Studies were selected on the basis of defined inclusion criteria and excluded if antiretroviral medication was the only intervention. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. Data were collected on characteristics of the study design, intervention, and developmental outcomes measured. Risk of bias and strength of evidence were assessed on all included articles. Our search resulted in 11,218 records. After our initial review, 43 records were appraised in their entirety and 9 studies met all inclusion criteria. Six were performed in sub-Saharan Africa, while the remaining 3 were performed in the United States. Eight were randomized-controlled trials and one was a retrospective chart review. Four studies focused on caregiver-training, 2 studied massage therapy, and the remaining studies focused on maternal vitamin supplementation, video-based cognitive therapy, or center-based interventions. Massage therapy had the most consistent improvements in the domains measured, while caregiver training and cognitive therapy interventions had limited benefits. The center-based intervention showed no benefit. Only 3 studies had a low risk of bias, and 4 studies had good strength of evidence. Most studies found some benefit. However, these findings are limited by the quality of the study designs, small sample size, and heterogeneity of the interventions and assessments used to measure outcomes. There is a critical need for the creation of evidence-based interventions to promote development in this vulnerable population.

Dataset Information

What Solutions Exist for Developmental Delays Facing Indigenous Children Globally? A Co-Designed Systematic Review.

Publications

What Solutions Exist for Developmental Delays Facing Indigenous Children Globally? A Co-Designed Systematic Review.

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