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Modulation of Early Host Innate Immune Response by an Avipox Vaccine Virus' Lateral Body Protein.

ABSTRACT: The avian pathogen fowlpox virus (FWPV) has been successfully used as a vaccine vector in poultry and humans, but relatively little is known about its ability to modulate host antiviral immune responses in these hosts, which are replication-permissive and nonpermissive, respectively. FWPV is highly resistant to avian type I interferon (IFN) and able to completely block the host IFN-response. Microarray screening of host IFN-regulated gene expression in cells infected with 59 different, nonessential FWPV gene knockout mutants revealed that FPV184 confers immunomodulatory capacity. We report that the FPV184-knockout virus (FWPV?184) induces the cellular IFN response as early as 2 h postinfection. The wild-type, uninduced phenotype can be rescued by transient expression of FPV184 in FWPV?184-infected cells. Ectopic expression of FPV184 inhibited polyI:C activation of the chicken IFN-? promoter and IFN-? activation of the chicken Mx1 promoter. Confocal and correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy demonstrated that FPV184 has a functional nuclear localisation signal domain and is packaged in the lateral bodies of the virions. Taken together, these results provide a paradigm for a late poxvirus structural protein packaged in the lateral bodies, capable of suppressing IFN induction early during the next round of infection.

SUBMITTER: Giotis ES

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7766033 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modulation of Early Host Innate Immune Response by an Avipox Vaccine Virus' Lateral Body Protein.

Giotis Efstathios S ES Laidlaw Stephen M SM Bidgood Susanna R SR Albrecht David D Burden Jemima J JJ Robey Rebecca C RC Mercer Jason J Skinner Michael A MA

Biomedicines 20201219 12

The avian pathogen fowlpox virus (FWPV) has been successfully used as a vaccine vector in poultry and humans, but relatively little is known about its ability to modulate host antiviral immune responses in these hosts, which are replication-permissive and nonpermissive, respectively. FWPV is highly resistant to avian type I interferon (IFN) and able to completely block the host IFN-response. Microarray screening of host IFN-regulated gene expression in cells infected with 59 different, nonessent ...[more]

PMID: 33352813

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Dataset Information

Modulation of Early Host Innate Immune Response by an Avipox Vaccine Virus' Lateral Body Protein.

Publications

Modulation of Early Host Innate Immune Response by an Avipox Vaccine Virus' Lateral Body Protein.

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