Dataset Information

The protective mutation A673T in amyloid precursor protein gene decreases A? peptides production for 14 forms of Familial Alzheimer's Disease in SH-SY5Y cells.

ABSTRACT: The deposition of A? plaques in the brain leads to the onset and development of Alzheimer's disease. The Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by ?-secretase (non-amyloidogenic processing of APP), however increased cleavage by ?-secretase (BACE1) leads to the accumulation of A? peptides, which forms plaques. APP mutations mapping to exons 16 and 17 favor plaque accumulation and cause Familial Alzheimer Disease (FAD). However, a variant of the APP gene (A673T) originally found in an Icelandic population reduces BACE1 cleavage by 40%. A series of plasmids containing the APP gene, each with one of 29 different FAD mutations mapping to exon 16 and exon 17 was created. These plasmids were then replicated with the addition of the A673T mutation. Combined these formed the library of plasmids that was used in this study. The plasmids were transfected in neuroblastomas to assess the effect of this mutation on A? peptide production. The production of A? peptides was decreased for some FAD mutations due to the presence of the co-dominant A673T mutation. The reduction of A? peptide concentrations for the London mutation (V717I) even reached the same level as for A673T control in SH-SY5Y cells. These preliminary results suggest that the insertion of A673T in APP genes containing FAD mutations might confer a clinical benefit in preventing or delaying the onset of some FADs.

SUBMITTER: Guyon A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7769289 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The protective mutation A673T in amyloid precursor protein gene decreases Aβ peptides production for 14 forms of Familial Alzheimer's Disease in SH-SY5Y cells.

Guyon Antoine A Rousseau Joël J Lamothe Gabriel G Tremblay Jacques P JP

PloS one 20201228 12

The deposition of Aβ plaques in the brain leads to the onset and development of Alzheimer's disease. The Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by α-secretase (non-amyloidogenic processing of APP), however increased cleavage by β-secretase (BACE1) leads to the accumulation of Aβ peptides, which forms plaques. APP mutations mapping to exons 16 and 17 favor plaque accumulation and cause Familial Alzheimer Disease (FAD). However, a variant of the APP gene (A673T) originally found in an Icelandi ...[more]

PMID: 33370284

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Project description:Peptides have revealed a large range of biological activities with high selectivity and efficiency for the development of new drugs, including neuroprotective agents. Therefore, this work investigates the neuroprotective properties of naturally occurring peptides, endomorphin-1 (EM-1), endomorphin-2 (EM-2), rubiscolin-5 (R-5), and rubiscolin-6 (R-6). We aimed at answering the question of whether well-known opioid peptides can counteract cell injury in a common in vitro model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Antioxidant activity of these four peptides was evaluated by the 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while neuroprotective effects were assessed in a neurotoxic model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y). The mechanisms associated with neuroprotection were investigated by the determination of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and Caspase-3 activity. Among the tested peptides, endomorphins significantly prevented neuronal death induced by 6-OHDA treatment, decreasing MMP (EM-1) or Caspase-3 activity (EM-2). Meanwhile, R-6 showed antioxidant potential by FRAP assay and exhibited the highest capacity to recover the neurotoxicity induced by 6-OHDA via attenuation of ROS levels and mitochondrial dysfunction. Generally, we hypothesize that peptides' ability to suppress the toxic effect induced by 6-OHDA may be mediated by different cellular mechanisms. The protective effect caused by endomorphins results in an antiapoptotic effect (mitochondrial protection and decrease in Caspase-3 activity), while R-6 potency to increase a cell's viability seems to be mediated by reducing oxidative stress. Our results may provide new insight into neurodegeneration and support the short peptides as a potent drug candidate to treat PD. However, further studies should be conducted on the detailed mechanisms of how tested peptides could suppress neuronal injuries.

Dataset Information

The protective mutation A673T in amyloid precursor protein gene decreases A? peptides production for 14 forms of Familial Alzheimer's Disease in SH-SY5Y cells.

Publications

The protective mutation A673T in amyloid precursor protein gene decreases Aβ peptides production for 14 forms of Familial Alzheimer's Disease in SH-SY5Y cells.

Similar Datasets

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