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My Brain Needs a Break: Kindergarteners' Willpower Theories Are Related to Behavioral Self-Regulation.

ABSTRACT: Is the way that kindergarteners view their willpower - as a limited or as a non-limited resource - related to their motivation and behavioral self-regulation? This study is the first to examine the structure of beliefs about willpower in relation to behavioral self-regulation by interviewing 147 kindergarteners (52% girls) aged 5 to 7 years (M = 6.47, SD = 0.39). A new instrument was developed to assess implicit theories about willpower for this specific age group. Results indicated that kindergarteners who think of their willpower as a non-limited resource showed better behavioral self-regulation than children who adopted a more limited theory, even when controlling for age and gender. This relation was especially pronounced in low achieving children. Mediation and moderation analyses showed that this relation was partly mediated through the children's willingness to invest effort to reach a learning goal. Findings suggest that fostering metacognitive beliefs in children, such as the belief that willpower is a non-limited resource, may increase behavioral self-regulation for successful adjustment to the demands of kindergarten and school.

SUBMITTER: Compagnoni M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7772190 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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My Brain Needs a Break: Kindergarteners' Willpower Theories Are Related to Behavioral Self-Regulation.

Compagnoni Miriam M Sieber Vanda V Job Veronika V

Frontiers in psychology 20201216

Is the way that kindergarteners view their willpower - as a limited or as a non-limited resource - related to their motivation and behavioral self-regulation? This study is the first to examine the structure of beliefs about willpower in relation to behavioral self-regulation by interviewing 147 kindergarteners (52% girls) aged 5 to 7 years (<i>M</i> = 6.47, <i>SD</i> = 0.39). A new instrument was developed to assess implicit theories about willpower for this specific age group. Results indicate ...[more]

PMID: 33391119

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Project description:BackgroundIndividuals with physical disabilities experience higher rates of chronic health conditions than individuals without physical disabilities. Self-management programs that use health coaching are effective at eliciting health behavior change in health outcomes such as goal setting, adherence, and health care use. Additionally, web-based resources such as telehealth-based technologies, including SMSS text messaging, web-based applications, and educational multimedia content, can complement health coaching to improve health-related behaviors and the use of health services. The complexity of studies using these resources requires a fidelity protocol to ensure that health behavior studies are administered properly.ObjectiveThe My Health, My Life, My Way fidelity protocol provides methods, strategies, and procedures of a multifaceted telehealth program for individuals with permanent physical disabilities and chronic health conditions. This health behavior study is a randomized controlled trial with four study arms: (1) scheduled coaching calls with gamified rewards, (2) no scheduled coaching calls with gamified rewards, (3) scheduled coaching calls with fixed rewards, and (4) no scheduled coaching calls with fixed rewards. To guide the fidelity protocol developed, we used the National Institutes of Health Behavior Change Consortium framework (NIH BCC).MethodsThe fidelity intervention protocol was developed by using the 5 primary domains provided by the NIH BCC: study design, provider training, treatment delivery, treatment receipt, and enactment of treatment skills. Following the NIH BCC guidelines and implementing social cognitive theory, this study is designed to ensure that all study arms receive equal treatment across conditions and groups. Health coaches and providers will be trained to deliver consistent health coaching, and thus participants will receive appropriate attention. Educational content will be developed to account for health literacy and comprehension of the material. Multiple fidelity intervention steps such as coaching call logs, regular content review, and participant progress monitoring will translate to participants using the skills learned in their daily lives. Different monitoring steps will be implemented to minimize differences among the 4 treatment groups.ResultsMy Health, My Life, My Way has been approved by the institutional review board and will begin enrollment in January 2024 and end in December 2024, with results reported in early 2025.ConclusionsIntervention fidelity protocols are necessary to ensure that health behavior change studies can be implemented in larger real-world settings. The My Health, My Life, My Way fidelity protocol has used the guidelines by the NIH BCC to administer a telehealth intervention combined with health coaching for individuals with physical disabilities and chronic health conditions. This fidelity protocol can be used as a complementary resource for other researchers who conduct similar research using telehealth technologies and health coaching in real-world settings.Trial registrationClinicalTrials NCT05481593; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05481593.International registered report identifier (irrid)PRR1-10.2196/53410.

Dataset Information

My Brain Needs a Break: Kindergarteners' Willpower Theories Are Related to Behavioral Self-Regulation.

Publications

My Brain Needs a Break: Kindergarteners' Willpower Theories Are Related to Behavioral Self-Regulation.

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