Vaping and Respiratory Viruses: The End for ENDS?
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tan KS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7781006 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Vaping and Respiratory Viruses: The End for ENDS?
American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 20210101 1
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7462343 | biostudies-literature
Project description:respiratory viruses in human nasal-throat swabs Raw sequence reads
| PRJNA639353 | ENA
Project description:Sequence hybridisation for respiratory viruses using the Twist Bioscience Respiratory panel
| PRJEB62137 | ENA
Project description:Respiratory viral detection and whole-genome sequencing from COVID-19 rapid antigen test devices
| PRJNA946353 | ENA
Project description:BackgroundCurrent molecular diagnostics are limited in the number and type of detectable pathogens. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an emerging, and increasingly feasible, pathogen-agnostic diagnostic approach. Translational barriers prohibit the widespread adoption of this technology in clinical laboratories. We validate an end-to-end mNGS assay for detection of respiratory viruses. Our assay is optimized to reduce turnaround time, lower cost per sample, increase throughput, and deploy secure and actionable bioinformatic results.MethodsWe validated our assay using residual nasopharyngeal swab specimens from Vancouver General Hospital (n = 359), which were reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction positive, or negative for influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and respiratory syncytial virus. We quantified sample stability, assay precision, the effect of background nucleic acid levels, and analytical limits of detection. Diagnostic performance metrics were estimated.ResultsWe report that our mNGS assay is highly precise and semiquantitative, with analytical limits of detection ranging from 103 to 104 copies/mL. Our assay is highly specific (100%) and sensitive (61.9% overall: 86.8%; reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold < 30). Multiplexing capabilities enable processing of up to 55 specimens simultaneously on an Oxford Nanopore GridION device, with results reported within 12 hours.ConclusionsThis study report outlines the diagnostic performance and feasibility of mNGS for respiratory viral diagnostics, infection control, and public health surveillance. We addressed translational barriers to widespread mNGS adoption.
| S-EPMC11646614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAlthough the use of tobacco has declined among youth, ENDS has the potential to disrupt or reverse these trends. Policies for tobacco and ENDS may have an impact on adolescent ENDS use. The impacts of state-level policies were examined for both tobacco and ENDS indoor use bans, excise taxes, and age-of-purchase laws on past-month adolescent ENDS use from 2013 to 2019.MethodsThis study used cohort data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study and policy data from the Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation repository-3 policies for ENDS and 2 policies for tobacco products. Policies included comprehensive indoor vaping/smoking bans, purchase-age restrictions, and excise taxes. Hybrid panel models were estimated in 2022 using data merged from the 2 longitudinal sources on past-month vaping. The analytic sample (observations=26,008) included adolescents aged 12-17 years, yielding a total of 72,684 observations.ResultsThe odds of adolescent ENDS use were 21.4% lower when the state had an ENDS purchase-age restriction and 55.0% lower when the state had a comprehensive tobacco smoking ban than in the years when the state did not have the ban.ConclusionsDuring a period of significant growth in ENDS use among U.S. youth, ENDS purchase-age restrictions and smoking bans reduced the odds of past-month vaping among adolescents. Wider implementation of policies may help intervene in youth vaping.
| S-EPMC10799971 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Double strand breaks pose unique problems for DNA repair, especially when broken ends possess complex structures that interfere with standard DNA transactions. Nonhomologous end joining can use multiple strategies to solve these problems. It further uses sophisticated means to ensure the strategy chosen provides the ideal balance of flexibility and accuracy.
| S-EPMC4024359 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Spatial transcriptomic (10X Genomics Visium) to profile pulmonary branches from Non-Vaped (NV) and Vaped (V) mice.
2021-11-18 | GSE188805 | GEO
Project description:Epidemiology of acute respiratory viral infections in children in Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic
| PRJEB42813 | ENA
Project description:Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is the primary pathway of DNA double-strand-break repair in vertebrate cells, yet how NHEJ factors assemble a synaptic complex that bridges DNA ends remains unclear. To address the role of XRCC4-like factor (XLF) in synaptic-complex assembly, we used single-molecule fluorescence imaging in Xenopus laevis egg extract, a system that efficiently joins DNA ends. We found that a single XLF dimer binds DNA substrates just before the formation of a ligation-competent synaptic complex between DNA ends. The interaction of both globular head domains of the XLF dimer with XRCC4 is required for efficient formation of this synaptic complex. Our results indicate that, in contrast to a model in which filaments of XLF and XRCC4 bridge DNA ends, binding of a single XLF dimer facilitates the assembly of a stoichiometrically well-defined synaptic complex.
| S-EPMC6128732 | biostudies-literature