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The complete chloroplast genome of Aesculus chinensis var. wilsonii.

ABSTRACT: In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Aesculus chinensis Bunge var. wilsonii (Rehder) Turland & N. H. Xia and compared it with cp genomes of congeneric species. The cp genome of A. chinensis var. wilsonii is a circular molecule, 156,211 bp in length, with typical quadripartite structure. It has one large single copy (LSC) region of 85,211 bp and one small single copy (SSC) region of 18,124 bp that are separated by two inverted repeat regions (IR) of 26,438 bp. The cp genome encodes 133 genes comprising 85 protein-coding genes, 40 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA ribosomal genes. The overall GC content of the cp genome of A. chinensis var. wilsonii is 37.93%. We conducted amaximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis, which revealed that A. chinensis var. wilsonii is sister to A. wangii and has a close relationship with Acer L. (maples). We expect that the cp genome of A. chinensis var. wilsonii will be useful for DNA barcoding and species delimitation for this species as well as future studies on the conservation, taxonomy, and evolutionary relationships of Aesculus L.

SUBMITTER: Liu Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7782131 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Aesculus chinensis var. wilsonii

Project description:Aesculus chinensis var. wilsonii Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA609250 | ENA

The complete chloroplast genome of Musa acuminata var. chinensis.

Project description:Musa acuminata var. chinensis is one of the most important wild banana species native to China which has huge potential breeding value by its cold tolerance and disease resistance. In this study, we first reported the complete chloroplast genome of M. acuminata var. chinensis and explore its phylogenetic position using a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree. The chloroplast genome of M. acuminata var. chinensis is 170,402 bp in length and the overall GC content of the whole genome is 36.8%. It consisting of a pair of inverted repeat (IR, 35,320 bp) regions, a large single-copy (LSC, 88,870 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC, 10,900 bp). The chloroplast genome contained 112 genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA ribosomal genes. The most genes occur as a single copy, while 23 gene species occur in double copies. Phylogenetic analysis of 7 selected chloroplast genomes revealed that M. acuminata var. chinensis was closely related to M. acuminata ssp. malaccensis. The complete chloroplast genome of M. acuminata var. chinensis will greatly enhance precious gene resources for banana breeding programs in the future.

| S-EPMC7782695 | biostudies-literature

New Indole Glycosides from Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis and Their Neuroprotective Activities.

Project description:The dried seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis (Hu et Fang) Fang, called "Suo Luo Zi", have been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Nevertheless, most studies have been focused on components of less polarity fractions. In this research, twelve indoles, including six new indole glycosides (1-6) as well as six known analogs were isolated from the polar portion which has been seldom studied. This is the first description of N-glucosylated indoles obtained from the genus of Aesculus. Structures of the new compounds (1-6) were elucidated based on comprehensive interpretation of HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Additionally, the neuroprotective activities of the N-glucosylated indoles were evaluated for the first time indicating that compounds 1-5 and 9-10 exhibited moderate neuroprotective activities. Further cytotoxicity tests of isolates 1-10 on three human tumor cell lines suggested that none of these compounds were cytotoxic (IC50 > 50 ?M).

| S-EPMC6891264 | biostudies-literature

Bioactive Triterpenoid Saponins From the Seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis.

Project description:Phytochemical investigation of Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis (Hu et Fang) Fang obtained 33 triterpenoid saponins, including 14 new ones, aesculiside C-P (1-14). The structure elucidations were performed through comprehensive MS, 1D and 2D-NMR analysis, and their absolute configuration was unambiguously determined by X-ray diffraction analysis as well as Mo2(OAc)4-induced ECD method for the first time. All the substances were examined for their cytotoxic activities against three tumor cell lines, Hep G2, HCT-116, and MGC-803. Of these, compounds 8, 9, 14-16, 18, and 22 exhibited potent cytotoxicities against all cell lines with IC50 of 2-21 μM, while compounds 3, 6, 7, 17-19, 20, 24, and 28 depicted moderate activity (IC50 13 to >40 μM). On these bases, the preliminary structure-activity correlations were also discussed. Meanwhile the neuroprotective properties of triterpenoid saponins from Aesculus genus were evaluated for the first time. Among them, compounds 1, 4, 12, 20, 22, 25, 29, and 31 exhibited moderate activities against COCl2-induced PC12 cell injury.

| S-EPMC6989559 | biostudies-literature

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Magnolia wilsonii (Magnoliaceae).

Project description:The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Magnolia wilsonii, an endangered and endemic species in China, was first reported in this study. The M. wilsonii cp genome was 157,434?bp in length, including two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,868?bp, a large single copy (LSC) region of 85,387?bp, and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,311?bp. A total of 113 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 4 ribosomal RNA genes, and 30 transfer RNA genes, were annotated. The overall GC content was 38.8%. Phylogenetic analysis of 34 representative cp genomes within the genus Magnolia suggests that M. wilsonii was sister to M. sieboldii.

| S-EPMC7707560 | biostudies-literature

Phenylethanol glycosides from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis.

Project description:Three new phenylethanol glycosides (1-3) and one known analogue (4) were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first isolation of phenylethanol glycosides from the genus of Aesculus, which enriched its chemical composition. Structure elucidations were performed via extensive NMR and HRESIMS data together with comparison with literature data. Thereafter, the isolated compounds were assayed for their neuroprotective activities against CoCl2-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells and compound 3 exhibited moderate activity.

| S-EPMC7178748 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis, an endemic medicinal herb in China.

Project description:Paris polyphylla var. chinensis is a species of flowering herb of the family Liliaceae and widely distributed in 12 provinces in China. It has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for centuries. The chloroplast (cp) genome of P. polyphylla var. chinensis, sequenced based on next-generation platform (NEOSAT), is 164,429?bp in size. The cp genome encodes 133 genes, including eight rRNA genes, 87 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 38 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic relationship analysis based on complete cp genome sequences exhibited that P. polyphylla var. chinensis was most related to Daiswa forrestii.

| S-EPMC7707722 | biostudies-literature

The Chromosome-level genome of Aesculus wilsonii provides new insights into terpenoid biosynthesis and Aesculus evolution.

Project description:Aesculus L. (buckeye and horse chestnut) are woody plant species with important horticultural and medicinal values. Aesculus seeds are widely used as biomedicine and cosmetic ingredients due to their saponins. We report a chromosomal-scale genome of Aesculus wilsonii. Sequences amounting to a total of 579.01 Mb were assembled into 20 chromosomes. More than half of the genome (54.46%) were annotated as repetitive sequences, and 46,914 protein-coding genes were predicted. In addition to the widespread gamma event with core eudicots, a unique whole-genome duplication (WGD) event (17.69 Mya) occurred in Aesculus after buckeye differentiated from longan. Due to WGD events and tandem duplications, the related synthetic genes of triterpene saponins unique to Aesculus increased significantly. Combined with transcriptome characterization, the study preliminarily resolved the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoid saponins like aescin in A. wilsonii genome. Analyses of the resequencing of 104 buckeye accessions revealed clear relationship between the geographic distribution and genetic differentiation of buckeye trees in China. We found that the buckeye species found in southern Shaanxi is A. wilsonii rather than A. chinensis. Population dynamics analysis further suggests that the population size and evolution of existing buckeye species have been influenced by climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and recent domestication events. The genome of A. wilsonii and population genomics of Aesculus provide a resource for future research on Hippocastanaceae. These findings will contribute to the utilization and diversity protection of Aesculus.

| S-EPMC9642078 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of an economic plant Salix wilsonii.

Project description:In this study, we report the first complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of Salix wilsonii. The cp genome is 155,026 bp in length, exhibiting a typical quadripartite structure of a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,917 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 16,285 bp and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) region of 27,412 bp. The overall base composition of the cp genome in asymmetric order is A: 32.09%, C: 17.94%, G: 18.65%, and T: 31.31%, and the AT content is 63.4%, whereas the proportions of AT contents in LSC, SSC, and IR regions are 66.53%, 68.99%, and 58.27%, respectively. Further, phylogenetic analysis of 46 species shows that S. wilsonii is evolutionarily closest to Sailx tetrasperma, and both of them belong to the genus Salix.

| S-EPMC7707237 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Populus wilsonii and its phylogenetic analysis.

Project description:The complete chloroplast genome of Populus wilsonii was reconstructed by reference-based assembly using whole-genome sequencing data. The total chloroplast genome size of P. wilsonii was 158,080?bp in length, including a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 27,749?bp each, a large single-copy region (LSC) of 85,949?bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 16,633?bp. A total of 133 genes were predicted from the chloroplast genome, including 86 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNA genes and eight rRNA genes. Among these genes, 20 genes occurred in IRs, containing nine protein-coding genes, seven tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. The GC content of P. wilsonii chloroplast genome was 36.6%. The phylogenetic analysis with 15 other species showed that P. wilsonii was closely clustered with Populus cathayana. The complete chloroplast genome of P. wilsonii provides new insights into Populus evolutionary and genomic studies.

| S-EPMC7799498 | biostudies-literature

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