ABSTRACT: This article describes a newly devised autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system for 19 autosomal loci (D12S391, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D2S1338, D21S11, D3S1358, D5S818, D6S1043, D7S820, D8S1179, CSF1PO, FGA, TH01, TPOX, vWA, Penta D and Penta E), 27 Y-chromosome STR loci (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS449, DYS456, DYS458, DYS460, DYS481, DYS518, DYS533, DYS570, DYS576, DYS635, DYS627, YGATAH4 and DYF387S1) and amelogenin with six-colour fluorescent labelling. Various parameters were evaluated, such as its accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, stability, ability to analysis of mixtures and effects of changes in the PCR-based procedures. All of the 47 selected STR loci were accurately and robustly amplified from 282 bloodstain samples. The species-specificity was high and some ability to inhibit Hematin was identified. The lowest detectable DNA amount was ≥0.125 ng. All of the male loci of the secondary component were revealed precisely when the control DNA was mixed at male/female and male/male ratios of 1:4 or more. We conclude that the present 19-plex autosomal STR and 27 Y-STR assay is both accurate and sensitive. It constitutes an additional powerful tool for forensic applications.
