Dataset Information

Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Evidence is limited about the joint health effects of the Mediterranean lifestyle on cardiometabolic health and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the Mediterranean lifestyle with the frequency of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Spain.

Methods

Data were taken from ENRICA study, a prospective cohort of 11,090 individuals aged 18+ years, representative of the population of Spain, who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes at 2008-2010 and were followed-up to 2017. The Mediterranean lifestyle was assessed at baseline with the 27-item MEDLIFE index (with higher score representing better adherence).

Results

Compared to participants in the lowest quartile of MEDLIFE, those in the highest quartile had a multivariable-adjusted odds ratio 0.73 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5, 0.93) for MS, 0.63. (0.51, 0.80) for abdominal obesity, and 0.76 (0.63, 0.90) for low HDL-cholesterol. Similarly, a higher MELDIFE score was associated with lower HOMA-IR and highly-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P-trend?ConclusionsThe Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with lower frequency of MS and reduced all-cause mortality in Spain. Future studies should determine if this also applies to other Mediterranean countries, and also improve cardiovascular health outside the Mediterranean basin.

SUBMITTER: Sotos-Prieto M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7786987 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain.

Sotos-Prieto Mercedes M Ortolá Rosario R Ruiz-Canela Miguel M Garcia-Esquinas Esther E Martínez-Gómez David D Lopez-Garcia Esther E Martínez-González Miguel Ángel MÁ Rodriguez-Artalejo Fernando F

Cardiovascular diabetology 20210105 1

<h4>Background</h4>Evidence is limited about the joint health effects of the Mediterranean lifestyle on cardiometabolic health and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the Mediterranean lifestyle with the frequency of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Spain.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were taken from ENRICA study, a prospective cohort of 11,090 individuals aged 18+ years, representative of the population of Spain, who we ...[more]

PMID: 33402187

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Project description:BackgroundThe impact of integrated lifestyles on health has attracted a lot of attention. It remains unclear whether adherence to low-risk healthy lifestyle factors is protective in individuals with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-like characteristics. We aimed to explore whether and to what extent overall lifestyle scores mitigate the risk of all-cause mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-like characteristics.MethodsIn total, 6934 participants from the 2007 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. The weighted healthy lifestyle score was constructed based on smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diet, sleep duration, and sedentary behavior information. Generalized linear regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the association between healthy lifestyle scores and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Compared to participants with relatively low healthy lifestyle scores, the risk ratio (RR) in the middle healthy lifestyle score group was 0.51 (RR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.30-0.88), and the high score group was 0.26 (RR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.15-0.48) in the population with metabolic syndrome. The difference in gender persists. In females, the RRs of the middle and high score groups were 0.47 (RR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.96) and 0.21 (RR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.09-0.46), respectively. In males, by contrast, the protective effect of a healthy lifestyle was more pronounced in the high score group (RR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.13-0.83) and in females, the protective effects were found to be more likely. The protective effect of a healthy lifestyle on mortality was more pronounced in those aged < 65 years. Higher lifestyle scores were associated with more prominent protective effects, regardless of the presence of one metabolic syndrome factor or a combination of several factors in 15 groups. What's more, the protective effect of an emerging healthy lifestyle was more pronounced than that of a conventional lifestyle.ConclusionsAdherence to an emerging healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of all-cause mortality in people with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome-like characteristics; the higher the score, the more obvious the protective effect. Our study highlights lifestyle modification as a highly effective nonpharmacological approach that deserves further generalization.

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Dataset Information

Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain.

Background

Methods

Results

Publications

Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain.

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