Dataset Information

Postnatal care utilisation among women in rural Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Maternal mortality is high in Ghana, averaging 310 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2017. This is partly due to inadequate postnatal care especially among rural communities. Ghana can avert the high maternal deaths if women meet the World Health Organisation's recommended early postnatal care check-up. Despite the association between geographical location and postnatal care utilisation, no study has been done on determinants of postnatal care among rural residents in Ghana. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence and correlates of postnatal care utilization among women in rural Ghana.

Methods

The study utilised women's file of the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). Following descriptive computation of the prevalence, binary logistic regression was fitted to assess correlates of postnatal care at 95% confidence interval. The results were presented in adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Any AOR less than 1 was interpreted as reduced likelihood of PNC attendance whilst AOR above 1 depicted otherwise. All analyses were done using Stata version 14.0.

Results

The study revealed that 74% of the rural women had postnatal care. At the inferential level, women residing in Savanna zone had higher odds of postnatal care compared to those in the Coastal zone [AOR?=?1.80, CI?=?1.023-3.159], just as among the Guan women as compared to the Akan [AOR?=?7.15, CI?=?1.602-31.935]. Women who were working were more probable to utilise postnatal care compared to those not working [AOR?=?1.45, CI?=?1.015-2.060]. Those who considered distance as unproblematic were more likely to utilise postnatal care compared to those who considered distance as problematic [AOR?=?1.63, CI?=?1.239-2.145].

Conclusions

The study showed that ethnicity, ecological zone, occupation and distance to health facility predict postnatal care utilisation among rural residents of Ghana. The study points to the need for government to increase maternal healthcare facilities in rural settings in order to reduce the distance covered by women in seeking postnatal care.

SUBMITTER: Appiah F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7791732 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Postnatal care utilisation among women in rural Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey.

Appiah Francis F Salihu Tarif T Fenteng Justice Ofosu Darko JOD Darteh Andrews Ohene AO Kannor Patience P Ayerakwah Patience Ansomah PA Ameyaw Edward Kwabena EK

BMC pregnancy and childbirth 20210107 1

<h4>Background</h4>Maternal mortality is high in Ghana, averaging 310 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in 2017. This is partly due to inadequate postnatal care especially among rural communities. Ghana can avert the high maternal deaths if women meet the World Health Organisation's recommended early postnatal care check-up. Despite the association between geographical location and postnatal care utilisation, no study has been done on determinants of postnatal care among rural residents in ...[more]

PMID: 33413169

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Project description:BackgroundSafe disposal of children's faeces has always been one of the main challenges to good hygiene in Ghana. Although it has been proven that children's faeces are more likely to spread diseases than adults' faeces, people usually mistake them for harmlessness. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with safe disposal of children's faeces in Ghana.MethodsData from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. A sample size of 2228 mother-child pairs were used for the study. The outcome variable was disposal of children stools. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors with safe child stool disposal.ResultsThe prevalence of safe child stool disposal in Ghana was 24.5%. Women in the middle [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.62; Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.00-7.10], Coastal Zone [AOR = 4.52; CI = 2.82-7.22], mothers whose children were aged 12-17 [AOR = 1.56; CI = 1.15-2.13] and 18-23 months [AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.29-2.39], and mothers whose household had improved type of toilet facility [AOR = 2.04; CI = 1.53-2.73] had higher odds of practicing safe children's faeces disposal. However, women from households with access to improved source of drinking water [AOR = 0.62; CI = 0.45-2.7] had lower odds of practicing safe children's faeces disposal.ConclusionApproximately only about 25 out of 100 women practice safe disposal of their children's faeces in Ghana. The age of the child, ecological zone, the type of toilet facilities, and the type of drinking water source are associated with the disposal of child faeces. These findings have proven that only improved sanitation (i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities) are not enough for women to safely dispose of their children's faeces. Therefore, in addition to provision of toilet facilities especially in the northern zone of Ghana, there is also the need to motivate and educate mothers on safe disposal of children's stools especially those with children below 12 months. More so, mothers without access to improved toilet facility should also be educated on the appropriate ways to bury their children's stools safely.

Project description:Antenatal care (ANC) contacts have long been considered a critical component of the continuum of care for a pregnant mother along with the newborn baby. The latest maternal mortality survey in Bangladesh suggests that progress in reducing maternal mortality has stalled as only 37% of pregnant women have attended at least four ANC contacts. This paper aims to determine what factors are associated with ANC contacts for women in Bangladesh. We analysed the data, provided by Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2014, covering a nationally representative sample of 17,863 ever married women aged 15-49 years. A two-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to collect the data. Data derived from 4,475 mothers who gave birth in the three years preceding the survey. Descriptive, inferential, and multivariate statistical techniques were used to analyse the data. An overall 78.4% of women had ANC contacts, but the WHO recommended ≥8 ANC contacts and ANC contacts by qualified doctors were only 8% for each. The logistic regression analysis revealed that division, maternal age, women's education, husband's education, wealth index and media exposure were associated with the ANC contacts. Likewise, place of residence, women's education, religion, and wealth index were also found to be associated with the WHO recommended ANC contacts. Furthermore, the husband's education, division, religion and husband's employment showed significant associations with ANC contacts by qualified doctors. However, Bangladeshi women in general revealed an unsatisfactory level of ANC contacts, the WHO recommended as well as ANC contacts by qualified doctors. In order to improve the situation, it is necessary to follow the most recent ANC contacts recommended by the WHO and to contact the qualified doctors. Moreover, an improvement in education as well as access to information along with an increase of transports, care centres and reduction of service costs would see an improvement of ANC contacts in Bangladesh.

Project description:BackgroundGlobally, millions of children aged below 5 years die every year and some of these deaths could have been prevented. Though a global problem, under-five mortality is also a major public health problem in Ghana with a rate of 60 deaths per 1000 live births. Identification of drivers of mortality among children aged below 5 years is an important problem that needs to be addressed because it could help inform health policy and intervention strategies aimed at achieving the United Nations SDG Goal 3 target 2. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model and to identify determinants of under-five mortality.MethodThe 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey data was used in this study. Analyses were conducted on 5884 children. The outcome variable is child survival status (alive or dead). Single level binary logistic and multilevel logistic regression models were employed to investigate determinants of under-five mortality. The fit of the model was checked using Variance Inflation Factor and Likelihood Ratio tests. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was used to assess the predictive ability of the models. A p-value< 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultsThe study observed 289 (4.91%) deaths among children aged below 5 years. The study produced a good predictive model and identified increase in number of total children ever born, number of births in last 5 years, and mothers who did not intend to use contraceptive as critical risk factors that increase the odds of under-five mortality. Also, children who were born multiple and residing in certain geographical regions of Ghana is associated with increased odds of under-five mortality. Maternal education and being a female child decreased the odds of under-five mortality. No significant unobserved household-level variations in under-five mortality were found. The spatial map revealed regional differences in crude under-five mortality rate in the country.ConclusionThis study identified critical risk factors for under-five mortality and strongly highlights the need for family planning, improvement in maternal education and addressing regional disparities in child health which could help inform health policy and intervention strategies aimed at improving child survival.

Project description:BackgroundAnemia is the most widely prevalent form of micronutrient deficiency that affects over a quarter of the global population. Evidence suggests that the burden of anemia is higher in the developing countries with women of reproductive age and children being the most at-risk groups. The most common causes are believed to be malnutrition and low bioavailability of micronutrients, which usually result from poor dietary habits and inadequate intake of food rich in micronutrients such as fresh fruits and vegetables. Regular consumption of F&V was shown to have protective effect against NCDs; however, evidence on this protective effect against micronutrient deficiency diseases are limited.Objectives(1) To measure the prevalence of anemia among adult non-pregnant women in Ghana, and (2) to investigate if there is any cross-sectional relationship between F&V consumption and anemia.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study based on data extracted from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2008. Subjects were 4,290 non-pregnant women aged between 15 and 49 years. Hemoglobin levels were measured by HemoCue® hemoglobin-meter. Association between anemia and F&V consumption was assessed by multivariable regression methods.ResultsFindings indicate that well over half (57.9%) of the women were suffering from anemia of some level. The percentage of women consuming at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day were 5.4% and 2.5% respectively. Results of multivariable analysis indicated that among urban women, consumption of <5 servings fruits/day was associated with significantly higher odds of severe [AOR = 9.27; 95% CI [5.15-16.70]] and moderate anemia [AOR = 6.63; 95% CI [4.21-10.44]], and consumption of <5 servings of vegetables/day was associated with higher odds of moderate anemia [AOR = 2.39; 95% CI [1.14-5.02]] compared with those who consumed >5 servings/day.ConclusionThe findings indicate that urban women who did not maintain WHO recommended level of F&V consumption bear a significantly higher likelihood of being moderate to severely anemic.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The first 2 days after childbirth present the highest risk of dying for a mother. Providing postnatal care within the first 2 days after childbirth can help avert maternal mortality because it allows early detection of problems that could result in adverse maternal health outcomes. Unfortunately, knowledge of the uptake of early postnatal care (EPNC), which is imperative for informing policies aimed at reducing maternal mortality, remains low in Uganda. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of early postnatal care attendance among Ugandan women. METHODS:This study was based on nationally representative data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. The study sample comprised 5471 women (age 15-49) who delivered a child in the 2?years preceding the survey. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with use of early postnatal care. RESULTS:Our findings showed that 50% of mothers used EPNC services for their most recent delivery in the 2?years preceding the survey. Women's residence, education level, religion, wealth status, marital status, occupation, antenatal care attendance, place of delivery, birth order, perceived accessibility of health facilities, and access to mass media messages were associated with greater use of EPNC. The percentage of women receiving EPNC was much higher among women who delivered at a health facility, either a public facility (63%) or private facility (65%), versus only 9% among women who delivered at home. Multivariate analysis showed that delivery at a health facility was the most important determinant of early postnatal care attendance. CONCLUSIONS:To increase mothers' use of EPNC services and improve maternal survival in Uganda, programs could promote and strengthen health facility delivery and ensure that EPNC services are provided to all women before discharge. Even so, the fact that only about two-thirds of women who delivered at a health facility received early postpartum care shows substantial room for improvement. Interventions should target women who deliver at home, women who attend fewer than four antenatal care visits, and women with a primary education.

Project description:BackgroundLong-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARC) contribute significantly to a decline in unintended pregnancies globally. However, not much is known about women's sexual empowerment and their utilization of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives in Ghana. The main objective of this study was to examine the association between women's sexual empowerment and LARC utilization in Ghana.MethodsWe used data from 5116 sexually active women who participated in the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Women's sexual empowerment was defined as women's perception of their right to self-determination and equity in sexual relations, and their ability to express themselves in sexual decision-making. A sum of scores was created with four dichotomous items as sexual empowerment score (0 = low sexual empowerment; 1, 2, and 3 = medium sexual empowerment; and 4 = high sexual empowerment). Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to establish the association between women's sexual empowerment and the use of LARC. Pearson Chi-square test was used in data analysis. The results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR), with their respective confidence intervals (CIs) at a statistical significance of p < 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of LARC utilization among sexually active women in Ghana was 6%. Majority of the women had medium sexual empowerment (91%). Although not statistically significant, the likelihood of utilizing LARC was lowest among women with high level of sexual empowerment (aOR = 0.62; CI = 0.27-1.43). On the other hand, Utilization of LARC increased with an increase in age. Women with parity four or more had higher odds of utilizing LARC as compared to women with zero birth (aOR = 9.31; CI = 3.55-24.39). Across religion, women who belong to the Traditional religion (aOR = 0.17; CI = 0.04-0.71) and Islam religion (aOR = 0.52; CI = 0.36-0.76) had lower odds of LARC utilisation as compared to Christian women. Women who make health decisions with someone else (aOR = 1.52; CI = 1.12-2.09) had higher odds of LARC utilisation as compared to women who make health decision alone.ConclusionAge, health decision maker, parity and religion were found to have a significant relationship with LARC utilization. Specifically, uneducated women, unemployed women and women who practice traditional religion were less likely to utilise LARC. However, women's sexual empowerment did not have a significant relationship with LARC. There is therefore the need for planning interventions for LARC utilization in line with educating women on the benefits and potential side effects of LARC. Also, there is a need for interventions targeted at increasing access to LARC among sexually active women.

Dataset Information

Postnatal care utilisation among women in rural Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Postnatal care utilisation among women in rural Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey.

Similar Datasets

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