Dataset Information

Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound imaging of systemic sclerosis patients.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Systemic sclerosis starts with an early phase characterized by Raynaud's phenomenon, puffy fingers/hands, autoantibodies, and a scleroderma nailfold microscopic pattern. Alterations in the nailfold microscopic pattern are not evident in all early SSc patients. Photoacoustics (PA) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) could fulfill this need. The former can measure oxygen saturation while the latter can measure skin thickening. We hypothesize that photoacoustics and high-frequency ultrasound can distinguish (early) SSc patients from individuals with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) by measuring oxygenation of the fingertip and skin thickening.

Methods

We compared measurements of oxygenation and skin thickness of the third finger between (early) SSc patients and PRP individuals and healthy controls. The spearman rank correlation was used to analyze an association between capillary density and oxygen saturation of the fingers.

Results

Thirty-one adult subjects participated in this study: twelve patients with SSc, 5 patients with early SSc, 5 volunteers with PR, and 9 healthy controls. We found a significant difference in oxygen saturation between (early) SSc patients (80.8%?±?8.1 and 77.9%?±?10.5) and individuals with PRP (93.9%?±?1.1). Measurements of skin thickening showed a significant difference in (early) SSc patients compared to individuals with PRP (0.48?±?0.06?mm and 0.51?±?0.16?mm vs. 0.27?±?0.01?mm). There was no significant difference between healthy and PRP individuals in oxygenation or skin thickening.

Conclusion

Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound could help to distinguish between (early) SSc, PRP, and healthy individuals in both oxygenation and skin thickening.

SUBMITTER: Daoudi K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7802269 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound imaging of systemic sclerosis patients.

Daoudi Khalid K Kersten Brigit E BE van den Ende Cornelia H M CHM van den Hoogen Frank H J FHJ Vonk Madelon C MC de Korte Chris L CL

Arthritis research & therapy 20210112 1

<h4>Introduction</h4>Systemic sclerosis starts with an early phase characterized by Raynaud's phenomenon, puffy fingers/hands, autoantibodies, and a scleroderma nailfold microscopic pattern. Alterations in the nailfold microscopic pattern are not evident in all early SSc patients. Photoacoustics (PA) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) could fulfill this need. The former can measure oxygen saturation while the latter can measure skin thickening. We hypothesize that photoacoustics and high-frequ ...[more]

PMID: 33436082

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Project description:ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to determine hand joint inflammation in systemic sclerosis (SSc); patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with hand joint involvement were used as controls. Our investigation also aimed at examining the relationship between these subclinical inflammatory changes in the hands, verified by low-frequency MRI, and clinical (especially cardiopulmonary) manifestations, disease activity, and functional capacity in patients with diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc).MethodsOut of 250 SSc patients, the selection included 82 patients with signs and symptoms of joint involvement, and 35 consecutive RA patients. These patients underwent clinical and laboratory investigations, and hand X-ray and MRI of the dominant hand. Synovitis/tenosynovitis, bone edema, and erosions were investigated, and the bone changes were quantified and scored using the RAMRIS method. HAQ index, modified Rodnan skin score, examination of internal organ involvement, and serological markers for SSc, as well as rheumatoid factor (RF) and cyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies (ACPA), were performed on all experimental group subjects.ResultsMRI of the dominant hand showed a significantly higher number of cases with synovitis (78%) than the number of patients with clinically swollen joints (17.1%; p < 0.001); bone edema was found in 62 (75.6%) SSc patients. MRI also showed a higher number of erosions (52; 63.4%) compared to those (22; 27.5%) detected with X-ray (p < 0.001). The average values of the total MRI score of synovitis/edema and erosions in the wrist (p < 0.001) and MCP joints (p < 0.001) were statistically higher in RA than in SSc patients (p < 0.001). The probability of the MRI-detected inflammatory changes was considerably higher in SSc patients who had vascular complications (digital ulceration, OR = 4.68; 95% IP: 1.002-22.25; p < 0.05), in patients with more severe functional impairment (OR = 8.22; 95% IP: 1.74-38.89; p < 0.01), and in patients with active disease (OR = 3.132; 95% IP: 1.027-9.551; p < 0.05). In our investigation, patients with a limited form of the disease and with inflammatory changes on MR more often had higher functional impairment compared to the other group without MRI inflammation.ConclusionsOur data show that in SSc MRI can detect a significant subclinical joint inflammation. RAMRIS confirmed the high degree of joint inflammation in RA, but also revealed a great deal of joint inflammation in SSc. That inflammation is associated with systemic inflammation (disease activity), vascular complications, and more severe forms of the disease, as synovitis cannot be precisely diagnosed by the clinical examination of joints. These results suggest that a careful joint investigation is necessary in SSc, and that in symptomatic patients, MRI may identify joint inflammation. In clinical practice, this evidence might drive to an early targeted therapy, thus preventing joint erosions.

Dataset Information

Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound imaging of systemic sclerosis patients.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Photoacoustic and high-frequency ultrasound imaging of systemic sclerosis patients.

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