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Coevolution of enamel, ganoin, enameloid, and their matrix SCPP genes in osteichthyans.


ABSTRACT: We resolve debate over the evolution of vertebrate hypermineralized tissues through analyses of matrix protein-encoding secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) genes and phylogenetic inference of hypermineralized tissues. Among these genes, AMBN and ENAM are found in both sarcopterygians and actinopterygians, whereas AMEL and SCPP5 are found only in sarcopterygians and actinopterygians, respectively. Actinopterygian AMBN, ENAM, and SCPP5 are expressed during the formation of hypermineralized tissues on scales and teeth: ganoin, acrodin, and collar enamel in gar, and acrodin and collar enameloid in zebrafish. Our phylogenetic analyses indicate the emergence of an ancestral enamel in stem-osteichthyans, whereas ganoin emerged in stem-actinopterygians and true enamel in stem-sarcopterygians. Thus, AMBN and ENAM originated in concert with ancestral enamel, SCPP5 evolved in association with ganoin, and AMEL evolved with true enamel. Shifts in gene expression domain and timing explain the evolution of different hypermineralized tissues. We propose that hypermineralized tissues in osteichthyans coevolved with matrix SCPP genes.

SUBMITTER: Kawasaki K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7814152 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Coevolution of enamel, ganoin, enameloid, and their matrix SCPP genes in osteichthyans.

Kawasaki Kazuhiko K   Keating Joseph N JN   Nakatomi Mitsushiro M   Welten Monique M   Mikami Masato M   Sasagawa Ichiro I   Puttick Mark N MN   Donoghue Philip C J PCJ   Ishiyama Mikio M  

iScience 20210101 1


We resolve debate over the evolution of vertebrate hypermineralized tissues through analyses of matrix protein-encoding secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) genes and phylogenetic inference of hypermineralized tissues. Among these genes, <i>AMBN</i> and <i>ENAM</i> are found in both sarcopterygians and actinopterygians, whereas <i>AMEL</i> and <i>SCPP5</i> are found only in sarcopterygians and actinopterygians, respectively. Actinopterygian <i>AMBN</i>, <i>ENAM</i>, and <i>SCPP5</i> a  ...[more]

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