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Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised controlled trial.


ABSTRACT:

Objective

To determine whether tocilizumab improves clinical outcomes for patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).

Design

Randomised, open label trial.

Setting

Nine hospitals in Brazil, 8 May to 17 July 2020.

Participants

Adults with confirmed covid-19 who were receiving supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation and had abnormal levels of at least two serum biomarkers (C reactive protein, D dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, or ferritin). The data monitoring committee recommended stopping the trial early, after 129 patients had been enrolled, because of an increased number of deaths at 15 days in the tocilizumab group.

Interventions

Tocilizumab (single intravenous infusion of 8 mg/kg) plus standard care (n=65) versus standard care alone (n=64).

Main outcome measure

The primary outcome, clinical status measured at 15 days using a seven level ordinal scale, was analysed as a composite of death or mechanical ventilation because the assumption of odds proportionality was not met.

Results

A total of 129 patients were enrolled (mean age 57 (SD 14) years; 68% men) and all completed follow-up. All patients in the tocilizumab group and two in the standard care group received tocilizumab. 18 of 65 (28%) patients in the tocilizumab group and 13 of 64 (20%) in the standard care group were receiving mechanical ventilation or died at day 15 (odds ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 0.66 to 3.66; P=0.32). Death at 15 days occurred in 11 (17%) patients in the tocilizumab group compared with 2 (3%) in the standard care group (odds ratio 6.42, 95% confidence interval 1.59 to 43.2). Adverse events were reported in 29 of 67 (43%) patients who received tocilizumab and 21 of 62 (34%) who did not receive tocilizumab.

Conclusions

In patients with severe or critical covid-19, tocilizumab plus standard care was not superior to standard care alone in improving clinical outcomes at 15 days, and it might increase mortality.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04403685.

SUBMITTER: Veiga VC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7815251 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised controlled trial.

Veiga Viviane C VC   Prats João A G G JAGG   Farias Danielle L C DLC   Rosa Regis G RG   Dourado Leticia K LK   Zampieri Fernando G FG   Machado Flávia R FR   Lopes Renato D RD   Berwanger Otavio O   Azevedo Luciano C P LCP   Avezum Álvaro Á   Lisboa Thiago C TC   Rojas Salomón S O SSO   Coelho Juliana C JC   Leite Rodrigo T RT   Carvalho Júlio C JC   Andrade Luis E C LEC   Sandes Alex F AF   Pintão Maria C T MCT   Castro Claudio G CG   Santos Sueli V SV   de Almeida Thiago M L TML   Costa André N AN   Gebara Otávio C E OCE   de Freitas Flávio G Rezende FGR   Pacheco Eduardo S ES   Machado David J B DJB   Martin Josiane J   Conceição Fábio G FG   Siqueira Suellen R R SRR   Damiani Lucas P LP   Ishihara Luciana M LM   Schneider Daniel D   de Souza Denise D   Cavalcanti Alexandre B AB   Scheinberg Phillip P  

BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20210120


<h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether tocilizumab improves clinical outcomes for patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).<h4>Design</h4>Randomised, open label trial.<h4>Setting</h4>Nine hospitals in Brazil, 8 May to 17 July 2020.<h4>Participants</h4>Adults with confirmed covid-19 who were receiving supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation and had abnormal levels of at least two serum biomarkers (C reactive protein, D dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, or ferritin).  ...[more]

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