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Experimental Study of Burn Damage Progression in a Human Composite Tissue Model.

ABSTRACT: Comparative studies of human tissue damage caused by burns are challenging because precise information regarding the temperature, time, and duration of the exposure is often missing. Animal models cannot be fully translated to the human system due to interspecies differences in cutaneous tissues. We used a human composite tissue model to compare tissue damage caused by thermal burns with different dynamics. Equal subcutaneous/cutaneous composite tissue samples from six donors were first exposed to either preheated steel (100 °C) or a precision flame burner (300 °C) and were then maintained in vitro for seven days. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that flame burns instantly caused deep and stable damage to the subcutaneous tissue, which stayed constant for seven days. By contrast, contact burns inflicted tissue damage that was initially superficial but then expanded deeper into the adipose tissue. This spatiotemporal expansion of tissue damage was essentially accompanied by macrophage and fibroblast activation, which points towards inflammation resolution and wound healing. Our study suggests that thermal differences in burns directly influence the course of tissue damage, the cellular response and, consequently, the likely dynamics of repair processes days after burn injuries.

SUBMITTER: Hao D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7827328 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Experimental Study of Burn Damage Progression in a Human Composite Tissue Model.

Hao Dandan D Qu Miao M Nourbakhsh Mahtab M

Biology 20210108 1

Comparative studies of human tissue damage caused by burns are challenging because precise information regarding the temperature, time, and duration of the exposure is often missing. Animal models cannot be fully translated to the human system due to interspecies differences in cutaneous tissues. We used a human composite tissue model to compare tissue damage caused by thermal burns with different dynamics. Equal subcutaneous/cutaneous composite tissue samples from six donors were first exposed ...[more]

PMID: 33435601

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Project description:Joint contractures are a major cause of morbidity and functional deficit. The incidence of postburn contractures and their associated risk factors in the pediatric population has not yet been reported. This study examines the incidence and severity of contractures in a large, multicenter, pediatric burn population. Associated risk factors for the development of contractures are determined. Data from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Burn Model System database, for pediatric (younger than 18 years) burn survivors from 1994 to 2003, were analyzed. Demographic and medical data were collected on each subject. The primary outcome measures included the presence of contractures, number of contractures per patient, and severity of contractures at each of nine locations (shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle, wrist, neck, lumbar, and thoracic) at time of hospital discharge. Regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of the presence, severity, and numbers of contractures, with P < .05 used for statistical significance. Of the 1031 study patients, 237 (23%) developed at least 1 contracture at hospital discharge. Among those with at least one contracture, the mean was three (3.3) contractures per person. The shoulder was the most frequently contracted joint (27.9%), followed by the elbow (17.6%), wrist (14.2%), knee (13.3%), and ankle (11.9%). Most contractures were mild (38.5%) or moderate (36.3%) in severity. The statistically significant predictors of contracture development were age and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay. The statistically significant predictors of severity of contracture were age, ICU length of stay, presence of amputation, and black race. Predictors of the number of contractures included total age, length of stay, length of ICU stay, presence of amputation, TBSA burned, and TBSA grafted. This is the first study to report the epidemiology of postburn contractures in the pediatric population. Approximately one quarter of children with a major burn injury developed a contracture at hospital discharge, and this could potentially increase as the child grows. Contractures develop despite early therapeutic interventions such as positioning and splinting; therefore, it is essential that we identify novel and more effective prevention strategies.

Dataset Information

Experimental Study of Burn Damage Progression in a Human Composite Tissue Model.

Publications

Experimental Study of Burn Damage Progression in a Human Composite Tissue Model.

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