Dataset Information

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and ?-Pinene.

ABSTRACT: The antioxidant, cytoprotective, and wound-healing potential of the essential oil from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia (mastic oil) was evaluated, along with that of its major components, myrcene and ?-pinene. Antioxidant potential was monitored as: (i) direct antioxidant activity as assessed by 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and ABTS assays; (ii) DNA damage protection activity; and (iii) cytoprotective activity as assessed via induction of transcription of genes related to the antioxidant response in human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT). The cytoprotective potential of the test substances was further evaluated against ultraviolet radiation B (UVB)- or H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage, whereas their regenerative capability was accessed by monitoring the wound closure rate in HaCaT. ?astic oil and major components did not show significant direct antioxidant activity, however they increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant response genes, suggesting indirect antioxidant activity. Treatment of HaCaT with the test substances before and after UVB irradiation resulted in increased cell viability in the cases of pre-treatment with mastic oil or post-treatment with myrcene. Increased cytoprotection was also observed in the case of cell treatment with mastic oil or its major components prior to H₂O₂ exposure. Finally, mastic oil and myrcene demonstrated a favorable dose-dependent effect for cell migration and wound closure. Collectively, mastic essential oil may exert its promising cytoprotective properties through indirect antioxidant mechanisms.

SUBMITTER: Xanthis V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7830477 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and α-Pinene.

Xanthis Vasileios V Fitsiou Eleni E Voulgaridou Georgia-Persephoni GP Bogadakis Athanasios A Chlichlia Katerina K Galanis Alex A Pappa Aglaia A

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 20210118 1

The antioxidant, cytoprotective, and wound-healing potential of the essential oil from the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia (mastic oil) was evaluated, along with that of its major components, myrcene and α-pinene. Antioxidant potential was monitored as: (i) direct antioxidant activity as assessed by 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and ABTS assays; (ii) DNA damage protection activity; and (iii) cytoprotective ...[more]

PMID: 33477450

Similar Datasets

Project description:Hypertension poses a significant global health burden and is closely associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Pistacia lentiscus var. chia, commonly known as mastic, has emerged as a potential nutraceutical, due to its diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and vasodilatory effects. Yet, its impact on hypertension in translational in vivo models and on hypertension-associated abnormalities in circulation, vasculature and kidneys have not been investigated. Herein we sought to decipher the putative antihypertensive potential of mastic, focusing on vascular and renal endothelium in clinically relevant in vivo models of essential hypertension. Two translational in vivo models of hypertension induced by Angiotensin II and Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-High Salt in male rats, were utilized. Mastic administration at a therapeutic dose (220mg/kg, per os) was administered daily for four weeks, after the establishment of hypertension. Non-invasive blood pressure measurements and whole blood RNA sequencing and metabolomics were performed. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were conducted in kidney and aorta, to decipher its underlying antihypertensive mechanism. Mastic administration significantly reduced systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure in both in vivo hypertensive models. RNA sequencing revealed distinct gene expression profiles, with modulation of immune-related pathways in the Angiotensin II model and metabolic pathways in the DOCA-HS model. Additionally, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that mastic downregulated Rhob, Jun, Txnip and Egr1 mRNA expression in the circulation, paving towards a putative antioxidant and endothelial-targeted mechanism. Metabolomic analysis identified lysophosphatidylinositol upregulation as a consistent effect of mastic in both in vivo models, being implicated with improved endothelial homeostasis. RT-PCR analysis in the kidneys and aorta, showed that mastic increased endothelial markers such as Vegfa and Egr-1 mRNA expression in both experimental models. Concerning the endothelial homeostasis, mastic additionally increased renal nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in both in vivo models of hypertension. This study highlights the potential of mastic as a natural adjuvant therapy for hypertension. The findings shed new light on its molecular mechanisms of action, providing insights into its protective impact on renal endothelium.

Project description:Aging is characterized by a progressive increase in oxidative stress, which favors lipid peroxidation and the formation of cholesterol oxide derivatives, including 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC). This oxysterol, which is known to trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, could contribute to the aging process and age-related diseases, such as sarcopenia. Identifying molecules or mixtures of molecules preventing the toxicity of 7β-OHC is therefore an important issue. This study consists of determining the chemical composition of Tunisian Pistacia lentiscus L. seed oil (PLSO) used in the Tunisian diet and evaluating its ability to counteract the cytotoxic effects induced by 7β-OHC in murine C2C12 myoblasts. The effects of 7β-OHC (50 µM; 24 h), associated or not with PLSO, were studied on cell viability, oxidative stress, and on mitochondrial and peroxisomal damages induction. α-Tocopherol (400 µM) was used as the positive control for cytoprotection. Our data show that PLSO is rich in bioactive compounds; it contains polyunsaturated fatty acids, and several nutrients with antioxidant properties: phytosterols, α-tocopherol, carotenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. When associated with PLSO (100 µg/mL), the 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxic effects were strongly attenuated. The cytoprotection was in the range of those observed with α-tocopherol. This cytoprotective effect was characterized by prevention of cell death and organelle dysfunction (restoration of cell adhesion, cell viability, and plasma membrane integrity; prevention of mitochondrial and peroxisomal damage) and attenuation of oxidative stress (reduction in reactive oxygen species overproduction in whole cells and at the mitochondrial level; decrease in lipid and protein oxidation products formation; and normalization of antioxidant enzyme activities: glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)). These results provide evidence that PLSO has similar antioxidant properties than α-tocopherol used at high concentration and contains a mixture of molecules capable to attenuate 7β-OHC-induced cytotoxic effects in C2C12 myoblasts. These data reinforce the interest in edible oils associated with the Mediterranean diet, such as PLSO, in the prevention of age-related diseases, such as sarcopenia.

Project description:Pistacia lentiscus berry oil (LBO) represents a typical vegetal product of the Mediterranean basin that has been formally used in traditional cuisine for 100s of years. In addition to its interesting alimentary properties, this product could represent an interesting candidate in the field of research on the study of new anti-infective agents. In fact, in Mediterranean countries, lentisk oil still continues to be widely used in folk medicine for oral and skin affections, in particular, acute gingivitis, pediatric skin infections such as impetigo and foot plaques, and biofilm related infections often associated with Streptococcus spp. Following these observations, we have hypothesized a "lentisk oil-bacteria" interaction, placing particular emphasis on the different Streptococcal species involved in these oral and skin diseases. In accordance with this hypothesis, the use of standard antimicrobial-antibiofilm methods (MIC, MBC, MBIC) allowed the interesting behavior of these bacteria to be observed and, in this context, the response to lentisk oil appears to be correlated with the pathogenic profile of the considered microorganism. Two probiotic strains of S. salivarius K12/M18 appeared to be non-sensitive to this product, while a set of five different pathogenic strains (S. agalactiae, S. intermedius, S. mitis, S. mutans, S. pyogenes) showed a response that was correlated to the fatty acid metabolic pathway of the considered species. In fact, at different times of bacteria development, selective High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis of the growth medium containing LBO detected a significant increase in free unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in particular oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids, which are already known for their antibacterial activity. In this context, we have hypothesized that LBO could be able to modulate the pathogen/probiotic rate in a Streptococcal population using the fatty acid metabolic pathway to help the probiotic strain. This hypothesis was strengthened by performing antibacterial testing with oleic acid and an in silico evaluation of the Streptococcal MCRA protein, an enzyme involved in the production of saturated fatty acids from UFA. These results show that LBO may have been used in ancient times as a "natural microbial modulating extract" in the prevention of biofilm- associated diseases.

Dataset Information

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and Its Major Components Myrcene and ?-Pinene.

Publications

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of the Essential Oil <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> var<i>. chia</i> and Its Major Components Myrcene and <i>α</i>-Pinene.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets