COVIDSafe thoracic surgery: Minimizing intraoperative exposure to aerosols.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Seco M
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7836257 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Intraoperative fluorescence imaging (IFI) can improve real-time identification of cancer cells during an operation. Phase I clinical trials in thoracic surgery have demonstrated that IFI with second window indocyanine green (TumorGlow® ) can identify subcentimeter pulmonary nodules, anterior mediastinal masses, and mesothelioma, while the use of a folate receptor-targeted near-infrared agent, OTL38, can improve the specificity for diagnosing tumors with folate receptor expression. Here, we review the existing preclinical and clinical data on IFI in thoracic surgery.
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Project description:Background and Objective The increasingly widespread application of computed tomography (CT) in the screening and follow-up of patients with lung disease has concomitantly increased the detection rate of pulmonary nodules. Currently, minimally invasive thoracic surgery (MITS) has become the preferred method of surgery for patients with pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) due to its advantages minimal invasiveness and rapid recovery. However, target nodule identification during MITS is sometimes challenging due to the inherent characteristics of these nodules, especially when they are small and distant from the pleura. This review details the many methods used for the intraoperative localization of pulmonary nodules. Methods Literature published in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, ClinicalTrials, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 1990 to 2022 were searched and analyzed to obtain a comprehensive review of the different methods of identifying pulmonary nodules. Literature related to animal testing were excluded. Key Content and Findings An overview of the recent progress in the clinical methods for intraoperative localization of pulmonary nodules [including CT-guided percutaneous placement of markers; bronchoscopy-guided placement of markers; intraoperative ultrasonography; three-dimensional (3D) printing technology; artificial intelligence (AI); and intraoperative molecular imaging (IMI)] was conducted. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the complications associated with existing research methods, were summarized to assist doctors in the development of optimized clinical strategies. Conclusions Clinicians can communicate with the multidisciplinary team and select the appropriate positioning method according to each patient’s individual situation and the available support of the equipment and technology of the institution. Certain non-invasive and specific identification methods may have clinical potential in pulmonary nodule localization in the future.
| S-EPMC9622445 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionIntraoperative three-dimensional (3D) imaging guide technology, such as the O-arm surgical imaging system, is a beneficial tool in spinal surgery that provides real-time 3D images of a patient's spine. This study aims to determine the exposure dose from intraoperative O-arm imaging.MethodsA consecutive retrospective review of all patients undergoing spinal surgery was conducted between June 2019 and August 2022. Demographic and operative data were collected from electronic medical records.ResultsIntraoperative O-arm imaging was conducted in 206 (12.9%) of 1599 patients, ranging from one to 4 scans per patient (1.17±0.43 scans). Single O-arm imaging enabled navigation of seven vertebrae in the cervical spine, seven in the thoracic spine, five in the thoracolumbar spine, and four in the lumbar spine on average. The number of O-arm shots per surgery was 1.15±0.36, 1.06±0.24, 1.61±0.7, and 1.07±0.25 for cervical, thoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbar spinal cases, respectively. The exposure doses represented by dose length products in single O-arm imaging were 377±19 mGy-cm, 243±22 mGy-cm, 378±38 mGy-cm, and 258±11 mGy-cm for cervical, thoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbar spine cases, respectively. We observed a weak positive correlation between the number of fused spinal levels and the exposure dose.ConclusionsIntraoperative radiation exposure from O-arm imaging was lower than the national diagnostic reference levels in Japan established based on the International Commission on Radiological Protection publication, demonstrating its safety from the standpoint of radiological protection in most cases. In surgeries with a large range of fixations, such as corrective deformity surgery, the number of imaging sessions and the amount of intraoperative radiation exposure would increase, leading surgeons to pay attention to the risk of radiation in spinal surgery.
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Project description:Study designBroad narrative review.ObjectiveTo review and summarize the current literature on guidelines, outcomes, techniques and indications surrounding multiple modalities of minimizing blood loss in spine surgery.MethodsA thorough review of peer-reviewed literature was performed on the guidelines, outcomes, techniques, and indications for multiple modalities of minimizing blood loss in spine surgery.ResultsThere is a large body of literature that provides a consensus on guidelines regarding the appropriate timing of discontinuation of anticoagulation, aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and herbal supplements prior to surgery. Additionally, there is a more heterogenous discussion the utility of preoperative autologous blood donation facilitated by erythropoietin and iron supplementation for healthy patients slated for procedures with high anticipated blood loss and for whom allogeneic transfusion is likely. Intraoperative maneuvers available to minimize blood loss include positioning and maintaining normothermia. Tranexamic acid (TXA), bipolar sealer electrocautery, and topical hemostatic agents, and hypotensive anesthesia (mean arterial pressure (MAP) <65 mm Hg) should be strongly considered in cases with larger exposures and higher anticipated blood loss. There is strong level 1 evidence for the use of TXA in spine surgery as it reduces the overall blood loss and transfusion requirements.ConclusionAs the volume and complexity of spinal procedures rise, intraoperative blood loss management has become a pivotal topic of research within the field. There are many tools for minimizing blood loss in patients undergoing spine surgery. The current literature supports combining techniques to use a cost- effective multimodal approach to minimize blood loss in the perioperative period.
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Project description:The American opioid epidemic has led to one of the worse public health crises in recent history, and emerging evidence has highlighted the role of healthcare professionals in exposing patients and communities to potent opioid drugs. Surgeons, in treating postoperative pain, are at the forefront of this epidemic. In Urology, investigators are beginning to establish how patients handle and consume opioids following common urologic procedures in an effort to limit excess prescribing. However, there is a paucity of data to define acceptable amounts of opioid medications to adequately treat postoperative pain after urologic surgery. Many common urologic procedures are now routinely performed with robotic technology. Robotic, minimally-invasive approaches decrease incision size and accelerate postoperative recovery, thereby presenting a unique opportunity to curb excessive opioid prescribing in the postoperative patient. Herein, we explore the roots of the current crisis, outline current literature guiding pain control after surgery, and review the current, though sparse, literature that may guide urologists in decreasing opioid use after robotic surgery.
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Project description:Right ventricular samples were serially acquired during surgical repair of ventricular septal defect. Expression profiling revealed three patterns of gene expression: (1) increased expression above control levels within one hour of cardioplegic arrest, with further amplification during early reperfusion; (2) increased expression limited to the reperfusion phase; and (3) reduced expression during reperfusion. Keywords: VSD Patients
2007-11-19 | GSE6381 | GEO
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8828507 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCytokines play a crucial role in the inflammatory response and are essential modulators of injury repair mechanisms. While minimally invasive operations have been shown to induce lower levels of cytokines compared to open thoracotomy, the inflammatory cytokine profile difference between video-assisted (VATS) and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) techniques has yet to be elucidated.MethodsIn this prospective observational study of 45 patients undergoing RATS (n=30) or VATS (n=15) lung resection for malignancy, plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemo-attractant protein (MCP)-1, and endothelial growth factor (EGF) were measured before and after surgery via immunoassay.ResultsLevels of IL-6 and MCP-1 were significantly higher in patients undergoing VATS than in patients undergoing RATS (P<0.001 and P=0.005, respectively) 2 hours following surgery. MCP-1 levels were also found to be significantly higher in the VATS group (P<0.001) 24 hours following surgery. IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EGF levels were not significantly different at any time-point comparing VATS to RATS.ConclusionsThe VATS approach is associated with a more robust pro-inflammatory cytokine response through the upregulation of MCP-1 and IL-6 when compared to the RATS approach in patients undergoing anatomic lung resection. Further studies are necessary to validate the clinical significance of this finding.
| S-EPMC9264093 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
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