Dataset Information

Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Live Performance, Selected Blood Parameters, and Expression of Water Channel and Stress-Related mRNA Transcripts of Delayed Placement Broiler Chicks.

ABSTRACT: This study examined the effect of supplemental betaine on live performance, selected blood parameters, and gene expression of water channel proteins (Aquaporins, AQP) of broiler chicks delayed in placement for 48 h post-hatch. In total, 540 newly-hatched male broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and were randomly allotted to one of five treatments with nine replicates per treatment (12 chicks per replicate). Chicks were either placed immediately, control; held for 48 h post-hatch with no access to feed or water, Holdnull; held for 48 h with free access to drinking water only, HoldW; held for 48 h with free access to drinking water supplemented with 1 ml per L of betaine solution (40% betaine), HoldB1; or held for 48 h with free access to drinking water supplemented with 2 ml per L of betaine solution (40% betaine), HoldB2 group. The results showed that post-hatch holding for 48 h depressed feed intake and body weight gain during the entire 15 d study period with no beneficial effect of supplemental betaine. Chicks in the HoldB2 group had elevated serum glucose, triglycerides, and aspartate aminotransferase 48 h post-hatch. Early water deprivation directly affected the brain proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and hepatic glucocorticoid receptors (GR) expression and induced significant changes in various aquaporins (AQP1, AQP2, AQP4, and AQP9). In conclusion, betaine supplementation to chicks held for 48 h post-hatch resulted in some changes in blood biochemical indices with no effects on performance during the first 15 days of life. The results suggest that betaine supplementation could ameliorate the stressful effects of water deprivation on POMC and GR expression and maintain cellular osmosis through interactions with variable aquaporins expression, particularly the AQP1 and AQP2. Further investigations are required to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the selective regulatory expression of different aquaporins in relation to betaine supplementation.

SUBMITTER: Al-Sagan AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7840959 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Live Performance, Selected Blood Parameters, and Expression of Water Channel and Stress-Related mRNA Transcripts of Delayed Placement Broiler Chicks.

Al-Sagan Ahmed Abdulaziz AA Al-Abdullatif Abdulaziz A Hussein Elsayed O S EOS Saadeldin Islam M IM Al-Mufarrej Saud I SI Qaid Mohammed M Albaadani Hani H HH Swelum Ayman Abdel-Aziz AA Alhotan Rashed R

Frontiers in veterinary science 20210114

This study examined the effect of supplemental betaine on live performance, selected blood parameters, and gene expression of water channel proteins (Aquaporins, AQP) of broiler chicks delayed in placement for 48 h post-hatch. In total, 540 newly-hatched male broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and were randomly allotted to one of five treatments with nine replicates per treatment (12 chicks per replicate). Chicks were either placed immediately, control; held for 48 h post-hatch w ...[more]

PMID: 33521096

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Project description:Whey is a highly nutritious byproduct of the cheese industry that can be used effectively in the animal feed industry. However, the use of whey in poultry diets is limited by its high lactose and mineral contents. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of whey in poultry diets on the performance, intestinal microbiota and physico-chemical parameters of the intestinal ecosystem, as well as on the bone morphology and its strength in broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty-eight, day-old, male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into four treatment groups of 32 chicks each. The treatment groups were: group A, which served as negative control and groups B, C and D, supplemented with 1, 2 and 5% of dietary whey, respectively. Performance of the groups was evaluated throughout the experiment. Following necropsies, the gastrointestinal tract from each bird was removed, divided into its anatomical parts and intestinal samples were taken for microbiological analysis and for pH and viscosity measurement as well. Tibiotarsus was also collected for morphometric analysis and strength evaluation. The statistical analysis of the experimental data revealed that the dietary supplementation of 1 and 2% of whey improved significantly (p ? 0.05) the body weight, while the addition of 5% of whey reduced significantly (p ? 0.05) the body weight. Furthermore, the addition of 1, 2 and 5% of dietary whey increased significantly (p ? 0.05) the pH of jejunum digesta and reduced significantly (p ? 0.05) the pH of caecum digesta compared to the control group. The addition of 1 and 2% of whey reduced significantly (p ? 0.05) the viscosity in the jejunum and ileum digesta, compared to the addition of 5% of whey which reduced significantly (p ? 0.05) the viscosity in jejunum digesta but increased significantly (p ? 0.05) the viscosity in ileum digesta. Moreover, the addition of 1, 2 and 5% of dietary whey increased significantly (p ? 0.05) the caecal counts of Lactobacillus spp. and Lactococcus lactis, while the addition of 5% of whey reduced significantly (p ? 0.05) the tibiotarsus length. It can be concluded that the addition of low quantities of whey up to 2% promoted the performance and gut health of birds, while the addition of higher quantities of whey at the level of 5% had a detrimental effect on the performance and tibiotarsus length.

Project description:Hepatic fatty acid oxidation of yolk lipoproteins provides the main energy source for chick embryos. Post-hatching these yolk lipids are rapidly exhausted and metabolism switches to a carbohydrate-based energy source. We recently demonstrated that many microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of hepatic metabolic pathways during this metabolic switching. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in most eukaryotes. To further elucidate the roles of miRNAs in the metabolic switch, we used delayed feeding for 48 h to impede the hepatic metabolic switch. We found that hepatic expression of several miRNAs including miR-33, miR-20b, miR-34a, and miR-454 was affected by delaying feed consumption for 48 h. For example, we found that delayed feeding resulted in increased miR-20b expression and conversely reduced expression of its target FADS1, an enzyme involved in fatty acid synthesis. Interestingly, the expression of a previously identified miR-20b regulator FOXO3 was also higher in delayed fed chicks. FOXO3 also functions in protection of cells from oxidative stress. Delayed fed chicks also had much higher levels of plasma ketone bodies than their normal fed counterparts. This suggests that delayed fed chicks rely almost exclusively on lipid oxidation for energy production and are likely under higher oxidative stress. Thus, it is possible that FOXO3 may function to both limit lipogenesis as well as to help protect against oxidative stress in peri-hatch chicks until the initiation of feed consumption. This is further supported by evidence that the FOXO3-regulated histone deacetylase (HDAC2) was found to recognize the FASN (involved in fatty acid synthesis) chicken promoter in a yeast one-hybrid assay. Expression of FASN mRNA was lower in delayed fed chicks until feed consumption. The present study demonstrated that many transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, including miRNA, form a complex interconnected regulatory network that is involved in controlling lipid and glucose molecular pathways during the metabolic transition in peri-hatch chicks.

Dataset Information

Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Live Performance, Selected Blood Parameters, and Expression of Water Channel and Stress-Related mRNA Transcripts of Delayed Placement Broiler Chicks.

Publications

Effects of Betaine Supplementation on Live Performance, Selected Blood Parameters, and Expression of Water Channel and Stress-Related mRNA Transcripts of Delayed Placement Broiler Chicks.

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