Dataset Information

Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways.

ABSTRACT: Rhizoctonia solani causes damaging yield losses on most major food crops. R. solani isolates belonging to anastomosis group 8 (AG8) are soil-borne, root-infecting pathogens with a broad host range. AG8 isolates can cause disease on wheat, canola and legumes, however Arabidopsis thaliana is heretofore thought to possess non-host resistance as A. thaliana ecotypes, including the reference strain Col-0, are resistant to AG8 infection. Using a mitochondria-targeted redox sensor (mt-roGFP2) and cell death staining, we demonstrate that both AG8 and a host isolate (AG2-1) of R. solani are able to infect A. thaliana roots. Above ground tissue of A. thaliana was found to be resistant to AG8 but not AG2. Genetic analysis revealed that ethylene, jasmonate and PENETRATION2-mediated defense pathways work together to provide resistance to AG8 in the leaves which subsequently enable tolerance of root infections. Overall, we demonstrate a significant difference in defense capabilities of above and below ground tissue in providing resistance to R. solani AG8 in Arabidopsis.

SUBMITTER: Kidd BN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7843637 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways.

Kidd Brendan N BN Foley Rhonda R Singh Karam B KB Anderson Jonathan P JP

Scientific reports 20210128 1

Rhizoctonia solani causes damaging yield losses on most major food crops. R. solani isolates belonging to anastomosis group 8 (AG8) are soil-borne, root-infecting pathogens with a broad host range. AG8 isolates can cause disease on wheat, canola and legumes, however Arabidopsis thaliana is heretofore thought to possess non-host resistance as A. thaliana ecotypes, including the reference strain Col-0, are resistant to AG8 infection. Using a mitochondria-targeted redox sensor (mt-roGFP2) and cell ...[more]

PMID: 33510286

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Project description:Application of biochar, a pyrolyzed biomass from organic sources, to agricultural soils is considered a promising strategy to sustain soil fertility leading to increased plant productivity. It is also known that applications of biochar to soilless potting substrates and to soil increases resistance of plants against diseases, but also bear the potential to have inconsistent and contradictory results depending on the type of biochar feedstock and application rate. The following study examined the effect of biochar produced from maple bark on soybean resistance against Rhizoctonia foliar blight (RFB) disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani, and examined the underlying molecular responses of both soybean and R. solani during interaction with biochar application. Soybean plants were grown in the presence of 1, 3, or 5% (w/w) or absence of maple bark biochar for 2 weeks, and leaves were infected with R. solani AG1-IA. At lower concentrations (1 and 3%), biochar was ineffective against RFB, however at the 5% amendment rate, biochar was conducive to RFB with a significant increase in disease severity. For the first time, soybean and R. solani responsive genes were monitored during the development of RFB on detached leaves of plants grown in the absence and presence of 5% biochar at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h post-inoculation (h.p.i.). Generally, large decreases in soybean transcript abundances of genes associated with primary metabolism such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, starch, amino acid and glutathione metabolism together with genes associated with plant defense and immunity such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid pathways were observed after exposure of soybean to high concentration of biochar. Such genes are critical for plant protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. The general down-regulation of soybean genes and changes in SA hormonal balance were tightly linked with an increased susceptibility to RFB. In conjunction, R. solani genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism were up-regulated, while genes involved in redox reactions and detoxification had varying effects. In conclusion, this study presents strong evidence that maple bark biochar increased susceptibility of soybean to a foliar disease. This condition is partly mediated by the down-regulation of soybean genes leading to reduced immunity and also affecting R. solani gene expression.

Dataset Information

Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways.

Publications

Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways.

Similar Datasets

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