Dataset Information

Modulation of neural oscillations during working memory update, maintenance, and readout: An hdEEG study.

ABSTRACT: Working memory (WM) performance is very often measured using the n-back task, in which the participant is presented with a sequence of stimuli, and required to indicate whether the current stimulus matches the one presented n steps earlier. In this study, we used high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) coupled to source localization to obtain information on spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of neural oscillations associated with WM update, maintenance and readout. Specifically, we a priori selected regions from a large fronto-parietal network, including also the insula and the cerebellum, and we analyzed modulation of neural oscillations by event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/ERS). During update and readout, we found larger ? ERS and smaller ? ERS respect to maintenance in all the selected areas. ?_LOW and ?_HIGH bands oscillations decreased in the frontal and insular cortices of the left hemisphere. In the maintenance phase we observed decreased ? oscillations and increased ? oscillations (ERS) in most of the selected posterior areas and focally increased oscillations in ?_LOW and ?_HIGH bands in the frontal and insular cortices of the left hemisphere. Finally, during WM readout, we also found a focal modulation of the ?_LOW band in the left fusiform cortex and cerebellum, depending on the response trial type (true positive vs. true negative). Overall, our study demonstrated specific spectral signatures associated with updating of memory information, WM maintenance, and readout, with relatively high spatial resolution.

SUBMITTER: Semprini M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7856639 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modulation of neural oscillations during working memory update, maintenance, and readout: An hdEEG study.

Semprini Marianna M Bonassi Gaia G Barban Federico F Pelosin Elisa E Iandolo Riccardo R Chiappalone Michela M Mantini Dante D Avanzino Laura L

Human brain mapping 20201117 4

Working memory (WM) performance is very often measured using the n-back task, in which the participant is presented with a sequence of stimuli, and required to indicate whether the current stimulus matches the one presented n steps earlier. In this study, we used high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG) coupled to source localization to obtain information on spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of neural oscillations associated with WM update, maintenance and readout. Specifically, we a ...[more]

PMID: 33200500

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Project description:The Working Memory model of human memory, first introduced by Baddeley and Hitch (1974), has been one of the most influential psychological constructs in cognitive psychology and human neuroscience. However the neuronal correlates of core components of this model have yet to be fully elucidated. Here we present data from two studies where human temporal cortical single neuron activity was recorded during tasks differentially affecting the maintenance component of verbal working memory. In Study One we vary the presence or absence of distracting items for the entire period of memory storage. In Study Two we vary the duration of storage so that distractors filled all, or only one-third of the time the memory was stored. Extracellular single neuron recordings were obtained from 36 subjects undergoing awake temporal lobe resections for epilepsy, 25 in Study one, 11 in Study two. Recordings were obtained from a total of 166 lateral temporal cortex neurons during performance of one of these two tasks, 86 study one, 80 study two. Significant changes in activity with distractor manipulation were present in 74 of these neurons (45%), 38 Study one, 36 Study two. In 48 (65%) of those there was increased activity during the period when distracting items were absent, 26 Study One, 22 Study Two. The magnitude of this increase was greater for Study One, 47.6%, than Study Two, 8.1%, paralleling the reduction in memory errors in the absence of distracters, for Study One of 70.3%, Study Two 26.3% These findings establish that human lateral temporal cortex is part of the neural system for working memory, with activity during maintenance of that memory that parallels performance, suggesting it represents active rehearsal. In 31 of these neurons (65%) this activity was an extension of that during working memory encoding that differed significantly from the neural processes recorded during overt and silent language tasks without a recent memory component, 17 Study one, 14 Study two. Contrary to the Baddeley model, that activity during verbal working memory maintenance often represented activity specific to working memory rather than speech or language.

Dataset Information

Modulation of neural oscillations during working memory update, maintenance, and readout: An hdEEG study.

Publications

Modulation of neural oscillations during working memory update, maintenance, and readout: An hdEEG study.

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