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Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.

ABSTRACT: The causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For many viruses, tissue tropism is determined by the availability of virus receptors and entry cofactors on the surface of host cells. In this study, we found that neuropilin-1 (NRP1), known to bind furin-cleaved substrates, significantly potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, an effect blocked by a monoclonal blocking antibody against NRP1. A SARS-CoV-2 mutant with an altered furin cleavage site did not depend on NRP1 for infectivity. Pathological analysis of olfactory epithelium obtained from human COVID-19 autopsies revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infected NRP1-positive cells facing the nasal cavity. Our data provide insight into SARS-CoV-2 cell infectivity and define a potential target for antiviral intervention.

SUBMITTER: Cantuti-Castelvetri L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7857391 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.

Cantuti-Castelvetri Ludovico L Ojha Ravi R Pedro Liliana D LD Djannatian Minou M Franz Jonas J Kuivanen Suvi S van der Meer Franziska F Kallio Katri K Kaya Tuğberk T Anastasina Maria M Smura Teemu T Levanov Lev L Szirovicza Leonora L Tobi Allan A Kallio-Kokko Hannimari H Österlund Pamela P Joensuu Merja M Meunier Frédéric A FA Butcher Sarah J SJ Winkler Martin Sebastian MS Mollenhauer Brit B Helenius Ari A Gokce Ozgun O Teesalu Tambet T Hepojoki Jussi J Vapalahti Olli O Stadelmann Christine C Balistreri Giuseppe G Simons Mikael M

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20201020 6518

The causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For many viruses, tissue tropism is determined by the availability of virus receptors and entry cofactors on the surface of host cells. In this study, we found that neuropilin-1 (NRP1), known to bind furin-cleaved substrates, significantly potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, an effect blocked by a monoclonal blocking antibody against NRP1. A SARS-CoV-2 mutant with an al ...[more]

PMID: 33082293

Dataset Information

Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.

Publications

Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity.

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