Dataset Information

Expression of Paracrine Effectors in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated With Plasma From Brown Bears (Ursus arctos).

ABSTRACT: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are promising candidates for novel cell therapeutic applications. Hibernating brown bears sustain tissue integrity and function via unknown mechanisms, which might be plasma borne. We hypothesized that plasma from hibernating bears may increase the expression of favorable factors from human ADSCs. In an experimental study, ADSCs from patients with ischemic heart disease were treated with interventional media containing plasma from hibernating and active bears, respectively, and with control medium. Extracted RNA from the ADSCs was sequenced using next generation sequencing. Statistical analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed using fold change analysis, pathway analysis, and gene ontology. As a result, we found that genes associated with inflammation, such as IGF1, PGF, IL11, and TGFA, were downregulated by > 10-fold in ADSCs treated with winter plasma compared with control. Genes important for cardiovascular development, ADM, ANGPTL4, and APOL3, were upregulated in ADSCs when treated with winter plasma compared with summer plasma. ADSCs treated with bear plasma, regardless if it was from hibernating or active bears, showed downregulation of IGF1, PGF, IL11, INHBA, IER3, and HMOX1 compared with control, suggesting reduced cell growth and differentiation. This can be summarized in the conclusion that plasma from hibernating bears suppresses inflammatory genes and activates genes associated with cardiovascular development in human ADSCs. Identifying the involved regulator(s) holds therapeutic potential.

SUBMITTER: Berg von Linde M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7877842 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Expression of Paracrine Effectors in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated With Plasma From Brown Bears (Ursus arctos).

Berg von Linde Maria M Johansson Karin K Kruse Robert R Helenius Gisela G Samano Ninos N Friberg Örjan Ö Frøbert Anne Mette AM Fröbert Ole O

Clinical and translational science 20200919 1

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are promising candidates for novel cell therapeutic applications. Hibernating brown bears sustain tissue integrity and function via unknown mechanisms, which might be plasma borne. We hypothesized that plasma from hibernating bears may increase the expression of favorable factors from human ADSCs. In an experimental study, ADSCs from patients with ischemic heart disease were treated with interventional media containing plasma from hibernating and ac ...[more]

PMID: 32949228

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Project description:Baylisascaris transfuga is a roundworm that has been reported worldwide in most bear species. In mammals and possibly humans, the larvae of B. transfuga can migrate in the tissues of aberrant hosts with larva migrans syndrome. The current study was performed to identify B. transfuga in faecal samples from free-ranging brown bears in the Tatra Mountains National Park in southern Poland. A commercial kit was used to extract genomic DNA directly from faecal samples. Additionally, a Chelex resin-based technique was successfully implemented to prepare a PCR template from eggs retrieved by flotation. Based on the flotation results of 32 collected faecal samples, the prevalence of B. transfuga was 15.6%. The parasite was confirmed in samples found to be positive during the initial flotation by a molecular assay using DNA isolated directly from faeces. The retrieved eggs were confirmed as B. transfuga after their DNA was extracted using the Chelex protocol. Based on PCR amplification and sequencing of a 413-bp segment of cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI), the obtained sequence was 100% identical to the COI segment of B. transfuga after a BLAST comparison to the GenBank™ database. The current study includes the first molecular confirmation of B. transfuga in brown bears in the western part of the Carpathians. We show that direct extraction of parasite DNA from bear faeces is efficient for molecular assays. As an alternative, we present the effectiveness of a Chelex-based technique for fast and convenient DNA isolation from the difficult-to-disrupt eggs of B. transfuga for PCR. Molecular tests of parasite DNA extracted directly from faecal material have limits of detection related to the amount of eggs in the samples. Thus, using classical flotation to obtain eggs for PCR may increase the credibility of the results, particularly in cases with a low number of excreted eggs. The Chelex resin protocol has potential for application in studies of intestinal parasites in wildlife for which conventional flotation is routinely used for microscopy.

Project description:Free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) were snared and subsequently darted with a combination of xylazine-ketamine in Croatia (n?=?5) or darted from a helicopter with a combination of medetomidine-tiletamine-zolazepam in Scandinavia (n?=?20). Three adults and one yearling (1 year old) bear were captured in Croatia, with one adult being captured twice. The Scandinavian bears were divided into Group A (yearlings, n?=?7) and Group B (subadults, n?=?2 and adults, n?=?11). The exertion time (time from activation of the trap or from the start of the helicopter chase to recumbency) and the induction time (time from darting to recumbency) were recorded. The rectal temperature (Tr) was measured as soon as possible after induction and then monitored at frequent intervals (varied between individuals) in immobilized bears. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with a non-invasive method (Korotkoff's technique) every 5 minutes. The heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded every 5 minutes. Reliability of the BP monitoring technique, trends of variation of the physiological variables, and the factors related to the capture were assessed. Both exertion and induction times were longer in Croatian bears than in Scandinavian bears. In Croatian bears, the Tr was either constant or slightly decreasing, with hyperthermia recorded in two individuals (Tr > 39.0° C). In Scandinavian bears, 17 of 20 individuals developed an initial hyperthermia. Four of five bears in Croatia and 17 of 20 bears in Scandinavia showed a decreasing trend in systolic and mean BP over time. According to the Korotkoff method, all bears were hypertensive (mean BP > 130 mmHg) with varying severity, and the systolic pressure was significantly lower in yearlings when compared to subadults and adults. Yearlings had significantly (p < 0.05) higher HR than subadults and adults, however there was no significant differences in RR, SpO2, and Tr between the age groups. All Croatian bears and 13 of 20 Scandinavian bears were moderately to severely hypoxemic (SpO2 < 90%). Further studies with simultaneous invasive and non-invasive (Korotkoff) BP monitoring techniques are required to confirm the accuracy of methods used in this study. The data presented here provides evidence of the physiological impact of different capture methods and chemical immobilization of brown bears in Croatia and Scandinavia.

Dataset Information

Expression of Paracrine Effectors in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated With Plasma From Brown Bears (Ursus arctos).

Publications

Expression of Paracrine Effectors in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated With Plasma From Brown Bears (Ursus arctos).

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