Dataset Information

Early introductions and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in the United States.

ABSTRACT: The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7, first detected in the United Kingdom, has become a global public health concern because of its increased transmissibility. Over 2500 COVID-19 cases associated with this variant have been detected in the US since December 2020, but the extent of establishment is relatively unknown. Using travel, genomic, and diagnostic data, we highlight the primary ports of entry for B.1.1.7 in the US and locations of possible underreporting of B.1.1.7 cases. Furthermore, we found evidence for many independent B.1.1.7 establishments starting in early December 2020, followed by interstate spread by the end of the month. Finally, we project that B.1.1.7 will be the dominant lineage in many states by mid to late March. Thus, genomic surveillance for B.1.1.7 and other variants urgently needs to be enhanced to better inform the public health response.

SUBMITTER: Alpert T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7885932 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Early introductions and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Alpert Tara T Brito Anderson F AF Lasek-Nesselquist Erica E Rothman Jessica J Valesano Andrew L AL MacKay Matthew J MJ Petrone Mary E ME Breban Mallery I MI Watkins Anne E AE Vogels Chantal B F CBF Kalinich Chaney C CC Dellicour Simon S Russell Alexis A Kelly John P JP Shudt Matthew M Plitnick Jonathan J Schneider Erasmus E Fitzsimmons William J WJ Khullar Gaurav G Metti Jessica J Dudley Joel T JT Nash Megan M Beaubier Nike N Wang Jianhui J Liu Chen C Hui Pei P Muyombwe Anthony A Downing Randy R Razeq Jafar J Bart Stephen M SM Grills Ardath A Morrison Stephanie M SM Murphy Steven S Neal Caleb C Laszlo Eva E Rennert Hanna H Cushing Melissa M Westblade Lars L Velu Priya P Craney Arryn A Fauntleroy Kathy A KA Peaper David R DR Landry Marie L ML Cook Peter W PW Fauver Joseph R JR Mason Christopher E CE Lauring Adam S AS George Kirsten St KS MacCannell Duncan R DR Grubaugh Nathan D ND

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 20210311

The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7, first detected in the United Kingdom, has become a global public health concern because of its increased transmissibility. Over 2500 COVID-19 cases associated with this variant have been detected in the US since December 2020, but the extent of establishment is relatively unknown. Using travel, genomic, and diagnostic data, we highlight the primary ports of entry for B.1.1.7 in the US and locations of possible underreporting of B.1.1.7 case ...[more]

PMID: 33594373

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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a viral pathogen that quickly became a global pandemic in the winter of 2020-2021. In response, governments issued social distancing orders to minimize transmission by reducing community contacts. We tested the efficacy of this social distancing at the state level during the first 2 months of the pandemic in the United States. We utilized data on daily SARS-CoV-2 case numbers and human community mobility (anonymized, aggregated cell phone location data stratified into six categories used as an index of social distancing), the date of government-issued social distancing orders, demographics, urbanization and public transportation. We implemented cross-correlation to identify lag times between declines in mobility and SARS-CoV-2 cases. Incorporating state-specific lag times, we tested for associations between case counts and mobility metrics using Bayesian multilevel models. Decreased mobility around grocery stores/pharmacies, retail/recreation locations, transit stations and workplaces was correlated with decreases in SARS-CoV-2 cases with significant lag times of ≥21 days. Social distancing orders were associated with fewer cumulative SARS-CoV-2 cases when they were put in place earlier. Community mobility had already started declining prior to most social distancing orders, especially the more restrictive orders implemented later in the pandemic. Social distancing is an important tool that has been implemented throughout the pandemic to decrease SARS-CoV-2 transmission, although with significant social and economic impacts. Our results suggest that declines in cases were observed several weeks subsequent to implementation of social distancing measures, and that implementing social distancing earlier could potentially minimize the duration of time these policies need to be in effect. Our findings can inform ongoing management of this pandemic and other emerging infectious disease outbreaks by identifying areas where reductions in mobility are associated with reduced disease transmission, and the expected time frame between behavioural changes and measurable population outcomes.

Dataset Information

Early introductions and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Publications

Early introductions and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in the United States.

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