Dataset Information

Emergence and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in the United States.

ABSTRACT: The highly transmissible B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2, first identified in the United Kingdom, has gained a foothold across the world. Using S gene target failure (SGTF) and SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequencing, we investigated the prevalence and dynamics of this variant in the United States (US), tracking it back to its early emergence. We found that, while the fraction of B.1.1.7 varied by state, the variant increased at a logistic rate with a roughly weekly doubling rate and an increased transmission of 40%-50%. We revealed several independent introductions of B.1.1.7 into the US as early as late November 2020, with community transmission spreading it to most states within months. We show that the US is on a similar trajectory as other countries where B.1.1.7 became dominant, requiring immediate and decisive action to minimize COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.

SUBMITTER: Washington NL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8009040 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Emergence and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Washington Nicole L NL Gangavarapu Karthik K Zeller Mark M Bolze Alexandre A Cirulli Elizabeth T ET Schiabor Barrett Kelly M KM Larsen Brendan B BB Anderson Catelyn C White Simon S Cassens Tyler T Jacobs Sharoni S Levan Geraint G Nguyen Jason J Ramirez Jimmy M JM Rivera-Garcia Charlotte C Sandoval Efren E Wang Xueqing X Wong David D Spencer Emily E Robles-Sikisaka Refugio R Kurzban Ezra E Hughes Laura D LD Deng Xianding X Wang Candace C Servellita Venice V Valentine Holly H De Hoff Peter P Seaver Phoebe P Sathe Shashank S Gietzen Kimberly K Sickler Brad B Antico Jay J Hoon Kelly K Liu Jingtao J Harding Aaron A Bakhtar Omid O Basler Tracy T Austin Brett B MacCannell Duncan D Isaksson Magnus M Febbo Phillip G PG Becker David D Laurent Marc M McDonald Eric E Yeo Gene W GW Knight Rob R Laurent Louise C LC de Feo Eileen E Worobey Michael M Chiu Charles Y CY Suchard Marc A MA Lu James T JT Lee William W Andersen Kristian G KG

Cell 20210330 10

The highly transmissible B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2, first identified in the United Kingdom, has gained a foothold across the world. Using S gene target failure (SGTF) and SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequencing, we investigated the prevalence and dynamics of this variant in the United States (US), tracking it back to its early emergence. We found that, while the fraction of B.1.1.7 varied by state, the variant increased at a logistic rate with a roughly weekly doubling rate and an increased transmissi ...[more]

PMID: 33861950

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Project description:Cloth face coverings and surgical masks have become commonplace across the United States in response to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. While evidence suggests masks help curb the spread of respiratory pathogens, population level, empirical research remains limited. Face masks have quickly become a topic of public debate as government mandates have started requiring their use. Here we investigate the association between self-reported mask wearing, social distancing and community SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the United States, as well as the effect of statewide mandates on mask uptake. Serial cross-sectional surveys were administered June 3 through July 27, 2020 via a web platform. Surveys queried individuals' likelihood to wear a face mask to the grocery store or with family and friends. Responses (N = 378,207) were aggregated by week and state and combined with measures of the instantaneous reproductive number (Rt ), social distancing proxies, respondent demographics and other potential sources of confounding. We fit multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the association between mask wearing and community transmission control (Rt <1) for each state and week. Multiple sensitivity analyses were considered to corroborate findings across mask wearing definitions, Rt estimators and data sources. Additionally, mask wearing in 12 states was evaluated two weeks before and after statewide mandates. We find an increasing trend in mask usage across the U.S., although uptake varies by geography and demographic groups. A multivariate logistic model controlling for social distancing and other variables found a 10% increase in mask wearing was associated with a 3.53 (95% CI: 2.03, 6.43) odds of transmission control (Rt <1). We also find that communities with high mask wearing and social distancing have the highest predicted probability of a controlled epidemic. These positive associations were maintained across sensitivity analyses. Following state mandates, mask wearing did not show significant statistical changes in uptake, however the positive trend of increased mask wearing over time was preserved. Widespread utilization of face masks combined with social distancing increases the odds of SARS-CoV-2 transmission control. Mask wearing rose separately from government mask mandates, suggesting supplemental public health interventions are needed to maximize mask adoption and disrupt the spread of SARS-CoV-2, especially as social distancing measures are relaxed.

Dataset Information

Emergence and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in the United States.

Publications

Emergence and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 in the United States.

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