Dataset Information

Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) koreicus on the Southern Coast of the Crimean Peninsula.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The incidence and area of arbovirus infections is increasing around the world. It is largely linked to the spread of the main arbovirus vectors, invasive mosquito of the genus Aedes. Previously, it has been reported that Aedes aegypti reemerged in Russia after a 50-year absence. Moreover, in 2011, Ae. albopictus was registered in the city of Sochi (South Russia, Black Sea coast) for the first time. In 2013, Asian Ae. koreicus was found in Sochi for the first time.

Methods

Mosquitoes were collected using the following methods: larvae with a dip net, imago on volunteers and using bait traps. The mosquitoes were identified using both morphology and sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster.

Results

In August 2016, Ae. koreicus larvae and imago and a single male of Ae. aegypti were found on the southern coast of the Crimean Peninsula, where they were not registered before. Newly obtained DNA sequences were registered in GenBank with the accession numbers MF072936 and MF072937.

Conclusion

Detection of invasive mosquito species (Ae. aegypti and Ae. koreicus) implies the possibility of their area expansion. Intensive surveillance is required at the Crimean Peninsula to evaluate the potential for the introduction of vector-borne diseases.

SUBMITTER: Ganushkina L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7903358 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) koreicus on the Southern Coast of the Crimean Peninsula.

Ganushkina Lyudmila L Lukashev Alexander A Patraman Ivan I Razumeyko Vladimir V Shaikevich Elena E

Journal of arthropod-borne diseases 20200930 3

<h4>Background</h4>The incidence and area of arbovirus infections is increasing around the world. It is largely linked to the spread of the main arbovirus vectors, invasive mosquito of the genus Aedes. Previously, it has been reported that Aedes aegypti reemerged in Russia after a 50-year absence. Moreover, in 2011, Ae. albopictus was registered in the city of Sochi (South Russia, Black Sea coast) for the first time. In 2013, Asian Ae. koreicus was found in Sochi for ...[more]

PMID: 33644240

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Project description:In Colombia Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is the main vector of urban arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika. This urban mosquito has a well-established capacity to develop insecticide resistance to different types of insecticides (pyrethroids, organochlorides, organophosphates), using multiple resistance mechanisms. An understanding of ongoing resistance mechanisms is critical to determining the activities of vector control programs. In order to identify the biochemical and molecular mechanisms associated with pyrethroid resistance in Colombia, three laboratory-selected strains resistant to DDT, Propoxur and lambdacyhalothrin, and 7 field-collected strains were evaluated. CDC bioassays were performed to measure the susceptibility status to pyrethroid type I (permethrin) and II (deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin), and potential cross-resistance to different types of insecticides; organochlorine (DDT), carbamates (propoxur) and organophosphates (malathion). The enzymatic activity of esterases, glutathione S-transferases (GST) and P450 monooxygenases were biochemically determined. Frequencies of kdr mutations Val1016Ile and Phe1534cys were determined through real-time PCR. The Rockefeller strain of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti was used as the susceptible control. The laboratory-selected strains "propoxur" and "lambdacyhalothrin" and one field population (Medellín (BF) F2 were resistant to all evaluated pyrethroids. Six of the seven field populations as well as the laboratory- selected "DDT" strain were resistant to permethrin. All the evaluated strains were resistant to DDT. Cross-resistance between lambdacyhalothrin and propoxur was observed in the laboratory-selected strains; however, all field-collected strains were susceptible to propoxur and no evidence of malathion resistance was found. The main biochemical mechanism for resistance observed in the field-collected strains was related to the enzyme GST. Further, the frequencies of kdr mutations alleles associated with insecticide resistance were high and ranged from 0.02 to 0.72 for Ile1016 and from 0.44 to 0.99 for Cys1534. Strains with high frequencies of both kdr mutations were resistant to both type I and II pyrethroids. These results suggest that Ae. aegypti from Colombia have developed multiple resistance mechanisms associated with pyrethroid resistance; therefore a resistance management strategy against these field populations of Ae. Aegypti, incorporating these findings is strongly recommended.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Invasive mosquito species (IMS) of the genus Aedes are a cause of increasing concern in Europe owing to their ability to vector important human viral diseases. Entomological surveillance to early detect alien mosquito and flavivirus circulation in Liguria, northwest Italy, has been carried out since 2011. RESULTS:The invasive species Aedes koreicus was first detected in Genoa in September 2015, when a male specimen was caught near the international airport; species identity was confirmed by genetic analysis. Over the next three years, 86 more adult specimens were trapped at sites throughout the city, accounting for 0.50% of all mosquitoes and 1.04% of Aedes sp. mosquitoes trapped in Genova in the four-year period 2015-2018. So far, no other monitored sites in Liguria have revealed the presence of this species. Ovitraps at two sites became positive for the species in July-August 2017. All female Ae. koreicus pools analysed were negative in biomolecular assays for Flavivirus. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings of Ae. koreicus in Genoa constitute, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of the species in northwest Italy and in a Mediterranean port city. The species appears to be established; trapping and climatic data support survival of Ae. koreicus in the area through three consecutive winters. Monitoring of adult mosquitoes detected the species two years before its discovery with ovitraps; trapping for adult specimens appears to be a more effective tool for the early detection of IMS. The airport (located near the commercial port area) and the flower market are the most probable sites of introduction; however, the exact time and place of arrival of this IMS in Liguria remain unknown. Based on morphological and genetic data, a common origin for most of the Ae. koreicus populations established in Europe is suspected. So far, no control measures have been adopted in Genoa and the species will probably colonize an even wider area in the next few years.

Dataset Information

Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) koreicus on the Southern Coast of the Crimean Peninsula.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species <i>Aedes</i> (<i>Stegomyia</i>) <i>aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes</i> (<i>Hulecoeteomyia</i>) <i>koreicus</i> on the Southern Coast of the Crimean Peninsula.

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