Dataset Information

Gut microbiota-driven drug metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the metabolization and modulation of several types of drugs. With this study we aimed to review the literature about microbial drug metabolism of medication prescribed in inflammatory bowel disease practice.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in Embase and PubMed from inception to October 2019. The search was conducted with predefined MeSH/Emtree and text terms. All studies about drug metabolism by microbiota of medication prescribed in inflammatory bowel disease practice were eligible. A total of 1018 records were encountered and 89 articles were selected for full text reading.

Results

Intestinal bacterial metabolism or modulation is of influence in four specific drugs used in inflammatory bowel disease (mesalazines, methotrexate, glucocorticoids and thioguanine). The gut microbiota cleaves the azo-bond of sulfasalazine, balsalazide and olsalazine and releases the active moiety 5-aminosalicylic acid. It has an impact on the metabolization and potentially on the response of methotrexate therapy. Especially thioguanine can be converted by intestinal bacteria into the pharmacological active 6-thioguanine nucleotides without the requirement of host metabolism. Glucocorticoid compounds can be prone to bacterial degradation.

Conclusion

The human intestinal microbiota can have a major impact on drug metabolism and efficacy of medication prescribed in inflammatory bowel disease practice. A better understanding of these interactions between microbiota and drugs is needed and should be an integral part of the drug development pathway of new inflammatory bowel disease medication.

SUBMITTER: Crouwel F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7904070 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Gut microbiota-driven drug metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

Crouwel Femke F Buiter Hans J C HJC de Boer Nanne K NK

Journal of Crohn's & colitis 20200711

<h4>Background and aims</h4>The gut microbiota plays an important role in the metabolization and modulation of several types of drugs. With this study we aimed to review the literature about microbial drug metabolism of medication prescribed in inflammatory bowel disease practice.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic literature search was performed in Embase and PubMed from inception to October 2019. The search was conducted with predefined MeSH/Emtree and text terms. All studies about drug metabolism by ...[more]

PMID: 32652007

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Project description:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorder which comprises two main conditions: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the etiology of IBD has not been fully elucidated, the gut microbiota is hypothesized to play a vital role in its development. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to characterize the fecal microbiota in CD or UC patients in a state of remission to reveal potential factors sustaining residual levels of inflammation and triggering disease relapses. Ninety-eight IBD patients in a state of clinical remission (66 UC, 32 CD) and 97 controls were recruited, and stool samples, as well as detailed patient data, were collected. After DNA extraction, the variable regions V1 and V2 of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced. Patients with IBD had a decrease in alpha diversity compared to that of healthy controls, and the beta diversity indices showed dissimilarity between the cohorts. Healthy controls were associated with the beneficial organisms unclassified Akkermansia species (Akkermansia uncl.), Oscillibacter uncl., and Coprococcus uncl., while flavonoid-degrading bacteria were associated with IBD. Network analysis identified highly central and influential disease markers and a strongly correlated network module of Enterobacteriaceae which was associated with IBD and could act as drivers for residual inflammatory processes sustaining and triggering IBD, even in a state of low disease activity. The microbiota in IBD patients is significantly different from that of healthy controls, even in a state of remission, which implicates the microbiota as an important driver of chronicity in IBD. IMPORTANCE Dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been implicated as a causal or contributory factor to the pathogenesis of the disease. This study, done on patients in remission while accounting for various confounding factors, shows significant community differences and altered community dynamics, even after acute inflammation has subsided. A cluster of Enterobacteriaceae was linked with Crohn's disease, suggesting that this cluster, which contains members known to disrupt colonization resistance and form biofilms, persists during quiescence and can lead to chronic inflammation. Flavonoid-degrading bacteria were also associated with IBD, raising the possibility that modification of dietary flavonoids might induce and maintain remission in IBD.

Dataset Information

Gut microbiota-driven drug metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background and aims

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Gut microbiota-driven drug metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease.

Similar Datasets

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