Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in India, August-September, 2020: findings from the second nationwide household serosurvey.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The first national severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey in India, done in May-June, 2020, among adults aged 18 years or older from 21 states, found a SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody seroprevalence of 0·73% (95% CI 0·34-1·13). We aimed to assess the more recent nationwide seroprevalence in the general population in India.

Methods

We did a second household serosurvey among individuals aged 10 years or older in the same 700 villages or wards within 70 districts in India that were included in the first serosurvey. Individuals aged younger than 10 years and households that did not respond at the time of survey were excluded. Participants were interviewed to collect information on sociodemographics, symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, exposure history to laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, and history of COVID-19 illness. 3-5 mL of venous blood was collected from each participant and blood samples were tested using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay. Seroprevalence was estimated after applying the sampling weights and adjusting for clustering and assay characteristics. We randomly selected one adult serum sample from each household to compare the seroprevalence among adults between the two serosurveys.

Findings

Between Aug 18 and Sept 20, 2020, we enrolled and collected serum samples from 29?082 individuals from 15?613 households. The weighted and adjusted seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in individuals aged 10 years or older was 6·6% (95% CI 5·8-7·4). Among 15?084 randomly selected adults (one per household), the weighted and adjusted seroprevalence was 7·1% (6·2-8·2). Seroprevalence was similar across age groups, sexes, and occupations. Seroprevalence was highest in urban slum areas followed by urban non-slum and rural areas. We estimated a cumulative 74·3 million infections in the country by Aug 18, 2020, with 26-32 infections for every reported COVID-19 case.

Interpretation

Approximately one in 15 individuals aged 10 years or older in India had SARS-CoV-2 infection by Aug 18, 2020. The adult seroprevalence increased approximately tenfold between May and August, 2020. Lower infection-to-case ratio in August than in May reflects a substantial increase in testing across the country.

Funding

Indian Council of Medical Research.

SUBMITTER: Murhekar MV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7906675 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in India, August-September, 2020: findings from the second nationwide household serosurvey.

Murhekar Manoj V MV Bhatnagar Tarun T Selvaraju Sriram S Saravanakumar V V Thangaraj Jeromie Wesley Vivian JWV Shah Naman N Kumar Muthusamy Santhosh MS Rade Kiran K Sabarinathan R R Asthana Smita S Balachandar Rakesh R Bangar Sampada Dipak SD Bansal Avi Kumar AK Bhat Jyothi J Chopra Vishal V Das Dasarathi D Deb Alok Kumar AK Devi Kangjam Rekha KR Dwivedi Gaurav Raj GR Khan S Muhammad Salim SMS Kumar C P Girish CPG Kumar M Sunil MS Laxmaiah Avula A Madhukar Major M Mahapatra Amarendra A Mohanty Suman Sundar SS Rangaraju Chethana C Turuk Alka A Baradwaj Dinesh Kumar DK Chahal Ashrafjit S AS Debnath Falguni F Haq Inaamul I Kalliath Arshad A Kanungo Srikanta S Kshatri Jaya Singh JS Lakshmi G G J Naga GGJN Mitra Anindya A Nirmala A R AR Prasad Ganta Venkata GV Qurieshi Mariya Amin MA Sahay Seema S Sangwan Ramesh Kumar RK Sekar Krithikaa K Shukla Vijay Kumar VK Singh Prashant Kumar PK Singh Pushpendra P Singh Rajeev R Varma Dantuluri Sheethal DS Viramgami Ankit A Panda Samiran S Reddy D C S DCS Bhargava Balram B

The Lancet. Global health 20210127 3

<h4>Background</h4>The first national severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey in India, done in May-June, 2020, among adults aged 18 years or older from 21 states, found a SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody seroprevalence of 0·73% (95% CI 0·34-1·13). We aimed to assess the more recent nationwide seroprevalence in the general population in India.<h4>Methods</h4>We did a second household serosurvey among individuals aged 10 years or older in the same 700 villages or wards with ...[more]

PMID: 33515512

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Project description:ImportanceCase-based surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection likely underestimates the true prevalence of infections. Large-scale seroprevalence surveys can better estimate infection across many geographic regions.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of persons with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using residual sera from commercial laboratories across the US and assess changes over time.Design, setting, and participantsThis repeated, cross-sectional study conducted across all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico used a convenience sample of residual serum specimens provided by persons of all ages that were originally submitted for routine screening or clinical management from 2 private clinical commercial laboratories. Samples were obtained during 4 collection periods: July 27 to August 13, August 10 to August 27, August 24 to September 10, and September 7 to September 24, 2020.ExposuresInfection with SARS-CoV-2.Main outcomes and measuresThe proportion of persons previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 as measured by the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 by 1 of 3 chemiluminescent immunoassays. Iterative poststratification was used to adjust seroprevalence estimates to the demographic profile and urbanicity of each jurisdiction. Seroprevalence was estimated by jurisdiction, sex, age group (0-17, 18-49, 50-64, and ≥65 years), and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan status.ResultsOf 177 919 serum samples tested, 103 771 (58.3%) were from women, 26 716 (15.0%) from persons 17 years or younger, 47 513 (26.7%) from persons 65 years or older, and 26 290 (14.8%) from individuals living in nonmetropolitan areas. Jurisdiction-level seroprevalence over 4 collection periods ranged from less than 1% to 23%. In 42 of 49 jurisdictions with sufficient samples to estimate seroprevalence across all periods, fewer than 10% of people had detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seroprevalence estimates varied between sexes, across age groups, and between metropolitan/nonmetropolitan areas. Changes from period 1 to 4 were less than 7 percentage points in all jurisdictions and varied across sites.Conclusions and relevanceThis cross-sectional study found that as of September 2020, most persons in the US did not have serologic evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, although prevalence varied widely by jurisdiction. Biweekly nationwide testing of commercial clinical laboratory sera can play an important role in helping track the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the US.

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Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in India, August-September, 2020: findings from the second nationwide household serosurvey.

Background

Methods

Findings

Interpretation

Funding

Publications

SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in India, August-September, 2020: findings from the second nationwide household serosurvey.

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