Dataset Information

Mining Grapevine Downy Mildew Susceptibility Genes: A Resource for Genomics-Based Breeding and Tailored Gene Editing.

ABSTRACT: Several pathogens continuously threaten viticulture worldwide. Until now, the investigation on resistance loci has been the main trend to understand the interaction between grapevine and the mildew causal agents. Dominantly inherited gene-based resistance has shown to be race-specific in some cases, to confer partial immunity, and to be potentially overcome within a few years since its introgression. Recently, on the footprint of research conducted in Arabidopsis, putative genes associated with downy mildew susceptibility have been discovered also in the grapevine genome. In this work, we deep-sequenced four putative susceptibility genes-namely VvDMR6.1, VvDMR6.2, VvDLO1, VvDLO2-in 190 genetically diverse grapevine genotypes to discover new sources of broad-spectrum and recessively inherited resistance. Identified Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms were screened in a bottleneck analysis from the genetic sequence to their impact on protein structure. Fifty-five genotypes showed at least one impacting mutation in one or more of the scouted genes. Haplotypes were inferred for each gene and two of them at the VvDMR6.2 gene were found significantly more represented in downy mildew resistant genotypes. The current results provide a resource for grapevine and plant genetics and could corroborate genomic-assisted breeding programs as well as tailored gene editing approaches for resistance to biotic stresses.

SUBMITTER: Pirrello C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7912118 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Mining Grapevine Downy Mildew Susceptibility Genes: A Resource for Genomics-Based Breeding and Tailored Gene Editing.

Pirrello Carlotta C Zeilmaker Tieme T Bianco Luca L Giacomelli Lisa L Moser Claudio C Vezzulli Silvia S

Biomolecules 20210128 2

Several pathogens continuously threaten viticulture worldwide. Until now, the investigation on resistance loci has been the main trend to understand the interaction between grapevine and the mildew causal agents. Dominantly inherited gene-based resistance has shown to be race-specific in some cases, to confer partial immunity, and to be potentially overcome within a few years since its introgression. Recently, on the footprint of research conducted in Arabidopsis, putative genes associated with ...[more]

PMID: 33525704

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundTo limit the impact of the downy mildew disease of grapevine and reduce the need to recur to chemical treatments, an effective strategy might be recovering adaptive resistance traits in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. Considering that stilbenes represent the most important class of phytoalexins in the Vitaceae, the constitutive expression and transcriptional activation of all the functional members of the stilbene synthase gene family were analysed in a group of nine grapevine genotypes following artificial infection with the oomycete Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of the disease. In addition, in the same genotypes we analyzed the expression of genes encoding for two transcription factors involved in the transcriptional regulation of the stilbene synthase genes, namely VvMYB14 and VvMYB15, and of genes encoding for chalcone synthases.ResultsDowny mildew incidence and severity ranged from nihil to high in the grapevine genotypes considered, being low to moderate in a subgroup of V. vinifera genotypes. The constitutive expression of the stilbene synthase genes as well as the extent of their transcriptional activation following P. viticola inoculation appeared to be inversely related to the proneness to develop disease symptoms upon infection. In a specular manner, following P. viticola inoculation all the chalcone synthase genes were up-regulated in the susceptible grapevine genotypes and down-regulated in the resistant ones. The infection brought by P. viticola appeared to elicit a co-ordinated and sequential transcriptional activation of distinct stilbene synthase genes subsets, each of which may be regulated by a distinct and specific MYB transcription factor.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that the induction of stilbene biosynthesis may contribute to the basal immunity against the downy mildew of grapevine, thus representing an adaptive resistance trait to recover, in both cultivated and wild V. vinifera germplasm. During the early stages of P. viticola infection, an antagonistic interaction between flavonol and stilbene biosynthesis might occur, whose outcome might determine the subsequent extent of disease symptoms. Further studies are needed to decipher the possible regulatory mechanisms involved in the antagonistic crosstalk between these two metabolic pathways in resistant and susceptible genotypes in response to P. viticola.

Project description:Grapevine varieties showing partial resistance to downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, are a promising alternative to fungicides for disease control. Resistant varieties are obtained through breeding programs aimed at incorporating Rpv loci controlling the quantitative resistance into genotypes characterized by valuable agronomic and wine quality traits by mean of crossing. Traditional phenotyping methods used in these breeding programs are mostly based on the assessment of the resistance level after artificial inoculation of leaf discs in bioassays, by using the visual score proposed in the 2nd Edition of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) Descriptor List for Grape Varieties and Vitis species (2009). In this work, the OIV score was compared with an alternative approach, not used for the grapevine-downy mildew pathosystem so far, based on the measurement of components of resistance (RCs); 15 grapevine resistant varieties were used in comparison with the susceptible variety 'Merlot'. OIV scores were significantly correlated with P. viticola infection frequency (IFR), the latent period for the downy mildew (DM) lesions to appear (LP50), and the number of sporangia produced per lesion (SPOR), so that when the OIV score increased (i.e., the resistance level increases), IFR and SPOR decreased, while LP50 increased. The relationship was linear for LP50, monomolecular for IFR and hyperbolic for SPOR. No significant correlation was found between OIV score and DM lesion size, sporangia produced per unit area of lesion, length of infectious period, and infection efficiency of the sporangia produced on DM lesions. The correlation between OIV score and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) calculated by using the RCs and a simulation model was significant and fit an inverse exponential function. Based on the results of this study, the measurement of the RCs to P. viticola in grapevine varieties by means of monocyclic, leaf disc bioassays, as well as their incorporation into a model able to simulate their effect on the polycyclic development of DM epidemics in vineyards, represents an improved method for phenotyping resistance level.

Dataset Information

Mining Grapevine Downy Mildew Susceptibility Genes: A Resource for Genomics-Based Breeding and Tailored Gene Editing.

Publications

Mining Grapevine Downy Mildew Susceptibility Genes: A Resource for Genomics-Based Breeding and Tailored Gene Editing.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure