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Maternal Autogenous Inactivated Virus Vaccination Boosts Immunity to PRRSV in Piglets.


ABSTRACT: Maternal-derived immunity is a critical component for the survival and success of offspring in pigs to protect from circulating pathogens such as Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-2). The purpose of this study is to investigate the transfer of anti-PRRSV immunity to piglets from gilts that received modified-live virus (MLV) alone (treatment (TRT) 0), or in combination with one of two autogenous inactivated vaccines (AIVs, TRT 1+2). Piglets from these gilts were challenged with the autogenous PRRSV-2 strain at two weeks of age and their adaptive immune response (IR) was evaluated until 4 weeks post inoculation (wpi). The systemic humoral and cellular IR was analyzed in the pre-farrow gilts, and in piglets, pre-inoculation, and at 2 and 4 wpi. Both AIVs partially protected the piglets with reduced lung pathology and increased weight gain; TRT 1 also lowered piglet viremia, best explained by the AIV-induced production of neutralizing antibodies in gilts and their transfer to the piglets. In piglets, pre-inoculation, the main systemic IFN-? producers were CD21?+ B cells. From 0 to 4 wpi, the role of these B cells declined and CD4 T cells became the primary systemic IFN-? producers. In the lungs, CD8 T cells were the primary and CD4 T cells were the secondary IFN-? producers, including a novel subset of porcine CD8?-CCR7- CD4 T cells, potentially terminally differentiated CD4 TEMRA cells. In summary, this study demonstrates that maternal AIV vaccination can improve protection of pre-weaning piglets against PRRSV-2; it shows the importance of transferring neutralizing antibodies to piglets, and it introduces two novel immune cell subsets in pigs-IFN-? producing CD21?+ B cells and CD8?-CCR7- CD4 T cells.

SUBMITTER: Kick AR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7912564 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal Autogenous Inactivated Virus Vaccination Boosts Immunity to PRRSV in Piglets.

Kick Andrew R AR   Wolfe Zoe C ZC   Amaral Amanda F AF   Cortes Lizette M LM   Almond Glen W GW   Crisci Elisa E   Gauger Phillip C PC   Pittman Jeremy J   Käser Tobias T  

Vaccines 20210131 2


Maternal-derived immunity is a critical component for the survival and success of offspring in pigs to protect from circulating pathogens such as Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV-2). The purpose of this study is to investigate the transfer of anti-PRRSV immunity to piglets from gilts that received modified-live virus (MLV) alone (treatment (TRT) 0), or in combination with one of two autogenous inactivated vaccines (AIVs, TRT 1+2). Piglets from these gilts were ch  ...[more]

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